Cadmium, diabetes and chronic kidney disease

Edwards, Joshua R.; Prozialeck, Walter C.

doi:10.1016/j.taap.2009.03.007

Cited by 274 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The Third US Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) (19), which included 8722 US citizens over the age of 40, showed a signifi cant association between Cd urine content and myocardial infarction. Findings of abnormal fasting glucose and diabetes suggest that Cd may cause prediabetes and diabetes mellitus in humans (20). Furthermore, Cd disrupts the endocrine function by binding to cellular steroid receptors and can have oestrogen-like and androgen-like activity (21).…”

Section: Cadmium Toxicity and Carcinogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium Toxicity Revisited: Focus on Oxidative Stress Induction and Interactions with Zinc and Magnesium

Matović

Buha

Bulat

et al. 2011

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

184

122

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Discovered in late 1817, cadmium is currently one of the most important occupational and environmental pollutants. It is associated with renal, neurological, skeletal and other toxic effects, including reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity. There is still much to fi nd out about its mechanisms of action, biomarkers of critical effects, and ways to reduce health risks. At present, there is no clinically effi cient agent to treat cadmium poisoning due to predominantly intracellular location of cadmium ions. This article gives a brief review of cadmium-induced oxidative stress and its interactions with essential elements zinc and magnesium as relevant mechanisms of cadmium toxicity. It draws on available literature data and our own results, which indicate that dietary supplementation of either essential element has benefi cial effect under condition of cadmium exposure. We have also tackled the reasons why magnesium addition prevails over zinc and discussed the protective role of magnesium during cadmium exposure. These fi ndings could help to solve the problem of prophylaxis and therapy of increased cadmium body burden.

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Section: Cadmium Toxicity and Carcinogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium Toxicity Revisited: Focus on Oxidative Stress Induction and Interactions with Zinc and Magnesium

Matović

Buha

Bulat

et al. 2011

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

184

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The toxic metals, lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), are ubiquitous en-vironmental toxins that are related to a broad range of physiologic, biochemical, and behavioural dysfunctions [21]. Cd is a widespread environmental pollutant that accumulates in the pancreas and exerts diabetogenic effects in animals [22]. It can cause high blood glucose, damage beta cells, and cause diabetes in rodents [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative metal distribution in scalp hair of Pakistani and Irish referents and diabetes mellitus patients

Afridi

Kazi

Brabazon

et al. 2013

Clinica Chimica Acta

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Background: The essential metals, chromium (Cr), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn), are necessary for many metabolic processes and their homeostasis is crucial for life. The toxic metals, cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), have no beneficial role in human metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of Cd, Cr, Mg, Mn, Pb, and Zn in scalp hair samples of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients of both genders, ages ranging from 30 to 50 y, and belong to urban areas of Ireland and Pakistan. For comparison purposes, age matched non-diabetic subjects of both countries were selected as referents. Methods: The concentrations of metals in scalp hair samples were measured by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer after microwave-assisted acid digestion. The validity and accuracy of the methodology were checked by conventional wet-acid-digestion method and using certified reference materials. Results: The mean values of Cd and Pb were significantly higher in scalp hair samples of both Pakistani and Irish diabetic patients as compared to referents of both countries (P<0.001). In contrast, lower Cr, Mg, Mn, and Zn (P<0.01) concentrations were detected in scalp hair derived from patients with type 2 diabetes versus healthy subjects of both countries. Conclusion: This study showed that, increased toxic elements and decreased essential elements are associated with diabetes mellitus. Therefore, these elements may play a role in the development and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus.

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“…Consistent with the data from the study in neonatal rats, chronic administration of cadmium caused high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) in adult rats (Bell et al 1990a,b). Hyperglycemia in cadmium-exposed rats occurred long before kidney toxicity developed (Edwards and Prozialeck, 2009). This suggests hyperglycemia is not a consequence of renal cadmium toxicity that causes a reduction in tubular reabsorption of glucose.…”

Section: Metallothionein Sequestration and Cadmium's Long Half-lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Roles of Cadmium and Heme Oxygenase in Type-2 Diabetes and Cancer Susceptibility

Satarug

2012

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Many decades after an outbreak of severe cadmium poisoning, known as Itai-itai disease, cadmium continues to pose a significant threat to human health worldwide. This review provides an update on the effects of this environmental toxicant cadmium, observed in numerous populations despite modest exposure levels. In addition, it describes the current knowledge on the link between heme catabolism and glycolysis. It examines novel functions of heme oxygenase-2 (HO-2) that protect against type 2-diabetes and obesity, which have emerged from diabetic/obese phenotypes of the HO-2 knockout mouse model. Increased cancer susceptibility in type-2 diabetes has been noted in several large cohorts. This is a cause for concern, given the high prevalence of type-2 diabetes worldwide. A lifetime exposure to cadmium is associated with pre-diabetes, diabetes, and overall cancer mortality with sex-related differences in specific types of cancer. Liver and kidney are target organs for the toxic effects of cadmium. These two organs are central to the maintenance of blood glucose levels. Further, inhibition of gluconeogenesis is a known effect of heme, while cadmium has the propensity to alter heme catabolism. This raises the possibility that cadmium may mimic certain HO-2 deficiency conditions, resulting in diabetic symptoms. Intriguingly, evidence has emerged from a recent study to suggest the potential interaction and co-regulation of HO-2 with the key regulator of glycolysis: 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 4 (PFKFB4). HO-2 could thus be critical to a metabolic switch to cancer-prone cells because the enzyme PFKFB and glycolysis are metabolic requirements for cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis.

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Cadmium, diabetes and chronic kidney disease

Cited by 274 publications

References 38 publications

Cadmium Toxicity Revisited: Focus on Oxidative Stress Induction and Interactions with Zinc and Magnesium

Cadmium Toxicity Revisited: Focus on Oxidative Stress Induction and Interactions with Zinc and Magnesium

Comparative metal distribution in scalp hair of Pakistani and Irish referents and diabetes mellitus patients

Emerging Roles of Cadmium and Heme Oxygenase in Type-2 Diabetes and Cancer Susceptibility

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