Cadmium Interaction with Essential Metals (Zn, Cu, Fe), Metabolism Metallothionein, and Ceruloplasmin in Pregnant Rats and Fetuses

Long-term effect of diet amended by risk elements contaminated soils on risk element penetration and physiological parameters of rats

“…In our case, the mobile As pool in soils is represented by inorganic arsenate (Marin et al 1993) suggesting possible intensification of AsCu interaction. The other previously described interactions such as As-Fe (Paul et al 2002), Cd-Fe (Turgut et al 2007), or Cd-Cu (Chmielnicka and Sowa 1996) were not confirmed in our experiment. As already mentioned, the individual experiments differed in element dose and application, element source, and duration of the experiment.…”

“…Although the Zn content in the soil L was extremely high compared to other soils, in liver and kidney it even tended to decrease. Due to high cadmium content in the soil L the potential adverse effect of Cd on Zn uptake and accumulation can be taken into account (Chmielnicka and Sowa 1996;Matovic et al 2011). …”

“…On the contrary, the increased Cd uptake can lead to suppressed resorption of iron, copper, zinc, cobalt etc., especially in the pregnant organism where the faetus development could be adversely affected due to the nutrient imbalance and lower bioavailability of the nutrients for the faetus (Bencko et al 1995;Chmielnicka and Sowa 1996). The increased cadmium contents in the animal organism can affect the metabolism of many other essential elements such as selenium, manganese, chromium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, etc.…”

Essential Elements as Early Indicators of Hexavalent Chromium Nephrotoxicity

“…Changes in the homeostasis of essential elements, especially zinc and copper, by toxic metals have been studied with a view to understand the harmful action of these elements on the organism. Disturbances in the metabolism of endogenous metals may be induced in experimental animals by the administration of cadmium (Bonner et al, 1979;Ha"atek et al, 1990;Chmielnicka and Sowa, 1996), inorganic mercury (Bogden et al, 1980;Chmielnicka and Komsta-Szumska, 1980;Chmielnicka et al, 1986), alkilmercury compounds Chmielnicka, 1981, 1985a,b;Chmielnicka et al, 1989), nickel (Chmielnicka et al, 1982), tin , bismuth (SzymanH ska et al, 1993), and lead (Victery et al, 1982;Zare & ba and Chmielnicka, 1989). The most signi"cant changes in the essential copper and zinc concentration in the liver and kidney are correlated with an increase in the level of metallothionein.…”

Recurrence of Toxicity by Cadmium Released from Accumulated Cadmium-Metallothionein in Mice

“…Cd 2+ has multiple cytotoxic and metabolic effects, such as interfering with the normal actions of essential metals, 1) inducing oxidative stress, 2) and altering the activities of various enzymes. 3,4) After Cd exposure, Cd is distributed mainly to the liver and kidneys and accumulates with metallothionein (MT).…”