Cadmium, zinc and the uptake of calcium by two crabs, Carcinus maenas and Eriocheir sinensis

Rainbow, Philip S.; Black, W. H.

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.11.016

Cited by 61 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The mechanisms by which cadmium interacts with cellular components and molecular targets are probably various, though still poorly understood. Experimental evidences suggest that the metal crosses the plasma membrane as bivalent ion, Cd 2+ , exerting an agonistic role against calcium ionic channels (Viarengo and Nicotera 1991;Rainbow et al 2005). Cadmium has been associated to: blockage of oxidative phosphorylation, glutathione depletion and antioxidant enzymatic activity inhibition, production of ROS, DNA damage, and inhibition of relative repair mechanisms, a general reduction of protein synthesis coupled to an increase in stress proteins (hsps), (Kesseler et al 1994;Shimizu et al 1997;Ercal et al 2001;Schröder et al 1999Schröder et al , 2005Lin et al 2007;Roccheri et al 2004).…”

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confidence: 97%

Environmentally relevant cadmium concentrations affect development and induce apoptosis of Paracentrotus lividus larvae cultured in vitro

et al. 2008

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Sea urchin embryos and larvae represent suitable model systems on where to investigate the effects of heavy metals on development and cell viability. Here, we tested the toxic effects of low (10(-12 )M), medium (10(-9 )M), and high (10(-6 )M) cadmium chloride concentrations, mimicking unpolluted, moderately and highly polluted seawaters, respectively, on Paracentrotus lividus sea urchins offspring. Larvae were continuously treated from fertilization and inspected at time intervals comprised between 10 and 30 days of development. Delays and/or morphological abnormalities were firstly evident in larvae treated for 15 days with high cadmium (10(-6 )M) and for 25 days with medium cadmium (10(-9 )M). Major defects consisted in the reduction and lack of arms and skeleton elongation. No obvious differences with respect to controls were observed in embryos/larvae exposed to low cadmium (10(-12) M), even after 30 days of exposure. Using in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay (TUNEL) assay on larvae whole mounts, we detected apoptosis after 10 days of treatment with 10(-6) and 10(-9) M CdCl(2,) when no morphological abnormalities were recognizable yet. Supernumerary apoptotic cells were found in arm buds, ciliary bands, and apex. In conclusion, echinoderm embryos and larvae represent candidates of choice for the study of stress and defense mechanisms activated by cadmium exposure.

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confidence: 97%

Environmentally relevant cadmium concentrations affect development and induce apoptosis of Paracentrotus lividus larvae cultured in vitro

et al. 2008

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“…Further, the lack of competition between either Cd or Zn with Ca uptake was also surprising in light of other studies in fish (Barron and Albeke, 2000;Hogstrand et al, 1996;Hollis et al, 2000;Ojo and Wood, 2008;Spry and Wood, 1985;Spry and Wood, 1989;Wright, 1995), daphnids (Tan and Wang, 2008), mollusks (Bjerregaard and Depledge, 1994) and crabs (Wright, 1977), where these metals are described as competing with Ca for transport. Conversely, there is evidence of a lack of competition between Ca and Cd/Zn also seen in mussels (Vercauteren and Blust, 1999;Wang and Fisher, 1999) and crabs (Rainbow and Black, 2005).…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 98%

Calcium uptake in aquatic insects: Influences of phylogeny and metals (Cd and Zn)

Poteat

Buchwalter

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Calcium sequestration in the hypo-osmotic freshwater environment is imperative in maintaining calcium homeostasis in freshwater aquatic organisms. This uptake process is reported to have the unintended consequence of potentially toxic heavy metal (Cd, Zn) uptake in a variety of aquatic species. However, calcium uptake remains poorly understood in aquatic insects, the dominant invertebrate faunal group in most freshwater ecosystems. Here, we examined Ca uptake and interactions with heavy metals (Cd, Zn) at low ambient Ca levels (12.5 μmol l −1 ) in 12 aquatic insect species within Ephemerellidae (mayfly) and Hydropsychidae (caddisfly), two families differentially responsive to trace metal pollution. We found Ca uptake varied 70-fold across the 12 species studied. Body mass and clade (family) were found to significantly influence both Ca uptake and adsorption (P≤0.05). Zn and Cd uptake rate constants (k u ) exhibited a strong correlation (r=0.96, P<0.0001), suggesting a shared transport system. Ca uptake failed to significantly correlate with either Zn or Cd k u values. Further, neither Zn nor Cd exhibited inhibitory effects toward Ca uptake. In fact, we saw evidence of modest stimulation of Ca uptake rates in some metal treatments. This work suggests that insects generally differ from other freshwater taxa in that aqueous Ca uptake does not appear to be compromised by Cd or Zn exposure. It is important to understand the trace metal and major ion physiology of aquatic insects because of their ecological importance and widespread use as ecological indicators.

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“…Multi-layered capsules (8 layers) were also tested on a subject of an extraction selectivity, i.e., in the presence of multiple ionic species, in particular, Ca 2+ (since Ca 2+ and Cd 2+ have similar ionic radius [52] which leads to replacement of Ca 2+ by Cd 2+ in soft tissue and bones [53]), would they extract only Cd 2 + or would they extract Ca 2+ ions as well. Two different solutions were tested -one containing only Ca 2+ cations (capsules removed by filtration), another -containing a mixture of Ca 2+ and Cd 2+ ions together (capsules removed by both filtration and magnetic separation).…”

Section: Extraction Selectivity Of the Capsulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layer-by-layer encapsulated nano-emulsion of ionic liquid loaded with functional material for extraction of Cd2+ ions from aqueous solutions

Elizarova

Luckham

2017

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Ionic liquids can serve as an environmentally-friendly replacement for solvents in emulsions, therefore they are considered suitable to be used as an emulsified medium for various active materials one of which are extractors of metal ions. Increasing the extraction efficiency is considered to be one of the key objectives when working with such extraction systems. One way to improve the extraction efficiency is to increase the contact area between the extractant and the working ionic solution. This can be accomplished by creating a nano-emulsion of ionic liquid containing such an extractant. Since emulsification of ionic liquid is not always possible in the sample itself, there is a necessity of creating a stable emulsion that can be added externally and on demand to samples from which metal ions need to be extracted. We propose a method of fabrication of a highly-stable extractant-loaded ionic liquid-in-water nano-emulsion via a low-energy phase reversal emulsification followed by continuous layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte deposition process to encapsulate the nano-emulsion and enhance the emulsion stability. Such a multilayered stabilized nano-emulsion was tested for extraction of Cd 2+ and Ca 2+ ions in order to determine its extraction efficiency and selectivity. It was found to be effective in extraction of Cd 2+ ions with near 100% cadmium removal, as well as being selective since no Ca 2+ ions were extracted. The encapsulated emulsion was removed from samples post-extraction using two methods -filtration and magnetic separation, both of which were shown to be viable under different circumstances -larger and mechanically stronger capsules could be removed by filtration, however magnetic separation worked better for both smaller and bigger capsules. The long-term stability of nano-emulsion was also tested being a very important characteristic for its proposed use: it was found to be highly stable after four months of storage time.

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Cadmium, zinc and the uptake of calcium by two crabs, Carcinus maenas and Eriocheir sinensis

Cited by 61 publications

References 30 publications

Environmentally relevant cadmium concentrations affect development and induce apoptosis of Paracentrotus lividus larvae cultured in vitro

Environmentally relevant cadmium concentrations affect development and induce apoptosis of Paracentrotus lividus larvae cultured in vitro

Calcium uptake in aquatic insects: Influences of phylogeny and metals (Cd and Zn)

Layer-by-layer encapsulated nano-emulsion of ionic liquid loaded with functional material for extraction of Cd2+ ions from aqueous solutions

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