Caenorhabditis elegans immune responses to microsporidia and viruses

González, Rubén; Félix, Marie-Anne

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2024.105148

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 129 publications

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“…The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted March 14, 2024. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.03.14.584948 doi: bioRxiv preprint C. elegans is an easy to maintain nematode with a powerful genetic toolbox available (Brenner, 1974;Nance and Frøkjaer-Jensen, 2019). C. elegans lacks an adaptive immune system but defends itself against pathogens through innate and nonclassical adaptive immune responses (Martineau et al, 2021;Tran and Luallen, 2023;González and Félix, 2024a). Orsay virus (OrV) was the first natural virus isolated in C. elegans (Félix et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evolution of an RNA virus inCaenorhabditis elegans

Castiglioni,

Olmo-Uceda,

Martín

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The discovery of Orsay virus (OrV), the first virus infecting wild populations ofCaenorhabditis elegans, has boosted studies of viral immunity pathways in this nematode. Considering the many advantages thatC. elegansoffers for fundamental research in host-pathogen interactions, this pathosystem has high potential to become a model system for experimental virus evolution studies. However, the evolutionary constraints operating in this pathosystem have barely been explored. Here we describe for the first time an evolution experiment of two different OrV strains inC. elegans. After 10 serial passages of evolution, we report slight changes in infectivity and non-synonymous mutations fixed in the evolved viral populations. In addition, we observed numerous minor variants emerging in the viral population. These minor variants were not randomly distributed along the genome but concentrated in polymorphic genomic regions. Overall, our work established the grounds for future experimental virus evolution studies usingCaenorhabditisnematodes.HIGHLIGHTSCaenorhabditis elegans-Orsay virus is a convenient pathosystem to study virus evolution.The approach used to test the viral strains may interfere with the infection phenotypes observed.There may be specific genomic hotspots regions of nucleotide diversity important for the evolution of Orsay virus.The substitution rate observed for Orsay virus was low, suggesting that the two strains studied might be already well adapted to laboratory conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evolution of an RNA virus inCaenorhabditis elegans

Castiglioni,

Olmo-Uceda,

Martín

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Experimental evolution of an RNA virus in Caenorhabditis elegans

Castiglioni,

Olmo-Uceda,

Martín

et al. 2024

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Natural monobacterial environments modulate viral infection inCaenorhabditis elegans

González

Félix

2023

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The microbes associated with an organism play a pivotal role in modulating their host susceptibility to viral infections. However, the influence of individual microbes on viral infections is not well understood. Here, we examined the impact of 67 naturally bacterial associates onCaenorhabditis eleganssusceptibility to Orsay virus. Our findings reveal that viral infection ofC. elegansis significantly influenced by monobacterial environments. The majority of tested natural bacterial environments reducedC. elegans viral infection while some increased susceptibility compared to anEscherichia colienvironmental reference. The reduction in viral infection is not caused by degradation of the virions or poor nutrition ofC. elegansby the bacteria. The reduction in viral infection does not require known antiviral responses, including RNA interference and transcriptional regulation downstream of the RIG-I homolog DRH-1. However, one bacterium,LelliottiaJUb276, reduced susceptibility but does not induce resistance to viral infection indrh-1mutants. Our research underscores the importance of considering the natural biotic environment in studies of viral infections and provides insights for future research on host-microbes-virus interactions and viral immunity.AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONSConceptualization: RG, MAF; Formal analysis: RG; Investigation: RG; Resources: MAF; Data Curation: RG; Writing - Original Draft: RG, MAF; Writing - Review & Editing: RG, MAF; Visualization: RG; Supervision: MAF; Project administration: RG, MAF; Funding acquisition: RG, MAF.

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Caenorhabditis elegans immune responses to microsporidia and viruses

Cited by 6 publications

References 129 publications

Experimental evolution of an RNA virus inCaenorhabditis elegans

Experimental evolution of an RNA virus inCaenorhabditis elegans

Experimental evolution of an RNA virus in Caenorhabditis elegans

Natural monobacterial environments modulate viral infection inCaenorhabditis elegans

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