1979
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(79)80248-6
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Caffeine, a metabolite of theophylline during the treatment of apnea in the premature infant

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Cited by 70 publications
(22 citation statements)
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“…1,3,7,[14][15][16][17][18] When theophylline is given for control of apnea in preterm infants, the maintenance dose is adjusted, based on serum drug levels, thereby ensuring optimal response and preventing toxic manifestations. Thus, it is important to establish a therapeutic range for a given population.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…1,3,7,[14][15][16][17][18] When theophylline is given for control of apnea in preterm infants, the maintenance dose is adjusted, based on serum drug levels, thereby ensuring optimal response and preventing toxic manifestations. Thus, it is important to establish a therapeutic range for a given population.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Serum theophylline concentrations between 6 and 15 μg/mL have been suggested as optimal maintenance levels 1,5,6 for the treatment and prevention of apnea and bradycardia in preterm infants under 34 weeks of gestation. However, there is no general agreement, 7 and levels as far apart as 1.3 and 17.7 μg/ mL have been found to abolish apnea in preterm infants. 7 This study on the use of theophylline in controlling apnea of prematurity set out to establish if a loading dose was necessary, and whether theophylline in a maintenance dose of 1.5 mg/kg/ day would be effective.…”
Section: Kn Haque M Al-kharashi C Waters Theophylline Therapy For mentioning
confidence: 93%
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“…This figure is intended primarily to demonstrate the complexity of caffeine's metabolism. The methylation of theophylline to caffeine has been reported to occur in premature infants (Bada et al, 1979;Boutroy et al, 1979) but was believed to be absent or to occur to a much lesser extent in children and adults until Tang-Liu & Riegelman (1981) reported its presence in adults. Tserng et al (1983) postulated that theophylline methylation occurs to the same degree in adults and premature infants and that the absence, or presence of only negligible amounts of caffeine following ingestion of theophylline is due to the fact that caffeine is immediately converted to its metabolites by the mature cytochrome P 450 mono-oxygenase system present in adults.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The methylation of theophylline to caffeine has been shown in newborn infants receiving therapeutic doses of theophylline orally for the treatment of apnea (Bory et al, 1978(Bory et al, , 1979Boutroy et al, 1979aBoutroy et al, , 1979bBada et al, 1979). In adults receiving a similar theophylline therapy for apnea, only about 6% of the theophylline dose is converted to caffeine (Tang-Liu and Riegelman, 1981).…”
Section: Methylxanthine Exposure Of the Newbornmentioning
confidence: 99%