Caffeine and paraxanthine in aquatic systems: Global exposure distributions and probabilistic risk assessment

Rodríguez‐Gil, José Luis; Cáceres, Neus; Dafouz, Raquel; Valcárcel, Y.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.066

Cited by 71 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Actually, caffeine is a hydrophilic compound (log K ow = −0.07) and one the most widely detected compounds in wastewater due to the high consumption of foods, beverages, and pharmaceuticals containing this substance [23]. Moreover, Rodríguez-Gil et al [24] reported that the highest caffeine concentrations in WWTP influents and effluents are found in the Middle East region, with concentrations almost 100 times higher than those estimated in Europe and Asia-Pacific, and 10 times higher than those estimated in North America. Like caffeine, its primary metabolite (1,7-dimetylxanthine or paraxanthine) had the third highest concentration detected in wastewater (10.49 µg/L).…”

Section: Occurrence Of Ppcps In Wwtpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Selected Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Wastewater Treatment Plant in Jordan

Al‐Mashaqbeh

Alsafadi

Dalahmeh

et al. 2019

Water

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The largest wastewater treatment plant in Jordan was monitored in the summer to determine the removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). Grab samples were collected from the influent and effluent of As-Samra Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). Liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) were utilized to determine the concentrations of 18 compounds of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). The results showed that 14 compounds were detected in the collected samples from the influent and effluent of As-Samra WWTP. These compounds are 1,7-dimethylxanthine, amphetamine, acetaminophen, caffeine, carbamazepine, cimetidine, cotinine, diphenhydramine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), morphine, phenazone, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, thiabendazole, and trimethoprim. However, four compounds were below the detection limit (<0.005 µg/L), namely cimetidine, methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), methamphetamine, and sulfachloropyridazine. Among PPCPs, the highest estimated average concentrations in raw wastewater were caffeine, acetaminophen, 1,7-dimethylxanthine, cotinine, and carbamazepine sampled during the summer, at an estimated concentration of 155.6 µg/L, 36.7 µg/L, 10.49 µg/L, and 1.104 µg/L, respectively. However, the highest estimated average concentrations in treated wastewater were for carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, caffeine, cotinine, and acetaminophen, at 0.856 µg/L, 0.096 µg/L, 0.086 µg/L, 0.078 µg/L, and 0.041 µg/L, respectively. In general, the results showed that some compounds in the collected samples of wastewater in Jordan have concentrations exceeding the values reported in the literature. The removal efficiency rates of 1,7-dimethylxanthine, acetaminophen, caffeine, cotinine, morphine, and trimethoprim were higher than 95%, while those of carbamazepine, sulfamethazine, and sulfamethoxazole were lower than 22.5%. Moreover, diphenhydramine and thiabendazole had negative removal efficiency rates. The removal efficiency rates of the PPCPs in As-Samra WWTP were generally consistent with those of indicator compounds reported in the literature for conventional WWTPs.

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Section: Occurrence Of Ppcps In Wwtpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Selected Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Wastewater Treatment Plant in Jordan

Al‐Mashaqbeh

Alsafadi

Dalahmeh

et al. 2019

Water

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“…Caffeine's metabolite paraxanthine (1,7-dimethylxanthine) has also been used, but not as widely. Caffeine and/or paraxanthine have been measured in groundwater and surface water in Europe and the US (Buerge et al 2003;Glassmeyer et al 2005;Godfrey et al 2007;Hillebrand et al 2012;Reh et al 2013;Stuart et al 2014;Hillebrand et al 2015) and more recently in surface waters, urban groundwater, and roof-harvested rain water in South Africa (Matongo et al 2015;Sorensen et al 2015;Waso et al 2016;Wanda et al 2017;Rodríguez-Gil et al 2018). Denitrification is a naturally occurring microbial process that removes NO 3 − from groundwater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 This work represents several innovations: the application of a CHANS approach to a groundwater system potentially impacted by climate change, the measurements of both nitrate and caffeine in groundwater in Africa (cf. Sorensen et al 2015;Rodríguez-Gil et al 2018), and a preliminary assessment of the potential for in situ bioremediation (ISB) of nitrate pollution in the Ramotswa Aquifer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex interactions between climate change, sanitation, and groundwater quality: a case study from Ramotswa, Botswana

et al. 2019

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Groundwater quantity and quality may be affected by climate change through intricate direct and indirect mechanisms. At the same time, population growth and rapid urbanization have made groundwater an increasingly important source of water for multiple uses around the world, including southern Africa. The present study investigates the coupled human and natural system (CHANS) linking climate, sanitation, and groundwater quality in Ramotswa, a rapidly growing peri-urban area in the semi-arid southeastern Botswana, which relies on the transboundary Ramotswa aquifer for water supply. Analysis of long-term rainfall records indicated that droughts like the one in 2013-2016 are increasing in likelihood in the area due to climate change. Key informant interviews showed that due to the drought, people increasingly used pit latrines rather than flush toilets. Nitrate, fecal coliforms, and caffeine analyses of Ramotswa groundwater revealed that human waste leaching from pit latrines is the likely source of nitrate pollution. The results in conjunction indicate critical indirect linkages between climate change, sanitation, groundwater quality, and water security in the area. Improved sanitation, groundwater protection and remediation, and local water treatment would enhance reliable access to water, de-couple the community from reliance on surface water and associated water shortage risks, and help prevent transboundary tension over the shared aquifer.

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“…Ferguson et al [14] reported concentrations of caffeine ranging from 0.018 to 1.25 µg/L in near-shore habitats of southern Lake Michigan, while Siegener and Chen [15] found concentrations ranging from 0.14 to 1.6 µg/L in Boston Harbor seawater. As recently reviewed by Rodriguez-Gil et al [16], the highest caffeine concentrations measured in estuarine water and seawater were 5.86 µg/L in United States [17] and 11.0 µg/L in Australia [18], respectively. However, when considering the whole worldwide data set, the 50th percentile concentration was 0.101 µg/L in estuary water and 0.019 µg/L in seawater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Exposure to Decreased pH and Caffeine Affects Hemocyte Parameters in the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis

Munari

Matozzo

Benetello

et al. 2020

JMSE

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Combined effects of reduced pH, as predicted under climate change scenarios, and the most popular and widely used stimulant caffeine were assessed in hemocyte parameters of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, being hemocytes involved in immune defense. Bivalves were exposed for one week to natural pH (8.1) and two reduced pH values (pH −0.4 units and pH −0.7 units). Exposure continued for additional two weeks, both in the absence and in the presence of environmentally relevant concentrations of caffeine (0.05 and 0.5 µg/L). Hemocyte parameters (total hemocyte count, hemocyte volume and diameter, neutral red uptake and hemocyte proliferation) were measured after 7 days of exposure to pH only, and after 14 (T1) and 21 (T2) days of exposure to the various pH*caffeine combinations. At all sampling times, pH significantly affected all the biological variables considered, whereas caffeine exhibited a significant influence at T2 only. Among the various hemocyte parameters, caffeine caused a significant increase in total hemocyte count at T2, and in hemocyte volume and diameter at both T1 and T2, when a significant interaction between pH and caffeine was also found. Overall, results demonstrated that hemocyte functionality was strongly influenced by the experimental conditions tested. Further studies are needed to assess combined effects of climate changes and emerging contaminants on bivalve immune system when challenged with environmental pathogens.

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Caffeine and paraxanthine in aquatic systems: Global exposure distributions and probabilistic risk assessment

Cited by 71 publications

References 46 publications

Removal of Selected Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Wastewater Treatment Plant in Jordan

Removal of Selected Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Wastewater Treatment Plant in Jordan

Complex interactions between climate change, sanitation, and groundwater quality: a case study from Ramotswa, Botswana

Exposure to Decreased pH and Caffeine Affects Hemocyte Parameters in the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis

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