Caffeine induction of sulfotransferases in rat liver and intestine

Abstract

Sulfotransferases (SULTs) are important phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes. SULTs regulation by hormones and other endogenous molecules is relatively well understood, while xenobiotic induction of SULTs is not well studied. Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed psychoactive substances. However, SULTs regulation by caffeine has not been reported. In this report, male and female rats were treated with different oral doses of caffeine (2, 10, 50 mg/kg/day) for 7 days. Western blot and real-time RT-PCR were used to investigate the changes of SULT protein and mRNA expression following the caffeine treatment. Caffeine induced both rat aryl sulfotransferase (rSULT1A1, AST-IV) and rat hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase (rSULT2A1, STa) in the liver and intestine of female rats in a dose-dependent manner. Caffeine induction of rSULT1A1 and rSULT2A1 in the female rat intestine was much stronger than that in the liver. Although caffeine induced rSULT1A1 significantly in the male rat liver, it did not significantly induce rSULT2A1. In male rat intestine, caffeine significantly induced rSULT2A1. The different SULTs induction patterns in male and female rats suggest that the regulation of rat SULTs by caffeine may be affected by different hormone secretion patterns and levels. Our results suggest that consumption of caffeine can induce drug metabolizing SULTs in drug detoxification tissues.

Gender-Dependent Pharmacokinetics of Veratramine in Rats: In Vivo and In Vitro Evidence

“…It has been reported that the expressions and activities of CYP3A and CYP2D in rat intestine were much lower than those in liver, and SULT2A was deficient in rat intestine (47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52). In our study, male RIS9 and RIMs were used to investigate the stabilities of veratramine in rat intestinal tract.…”

Modulation of Metabolic Detoxification Pathways Using Foods and Food-Derived Components: A Scientific Review with Clinical Application

“…Few in vivo studies have examined the effects of dietary components on SULT activity, although caffeine and retinoic acid are possible SULT inducers according to animal studies [ 107 , 108 ] ( Table 6(a) ). Although it is uncertain how their outcomes will translate in vivo , various in vitro studies have indicated the possibility of sulfotransferase inhibition (including competitive inhibition) by wine anthocyanins and flavonols, synthetic food colors (especially red colors), apple and grape juice, catechins including epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, curcumin, resveratrol, flavonoids (apigenin, chrysin, fisetin, galangin, kaempferol, quercetin, myricetin, naringenin, and naringin), and certain phytoestrogens (daidzein, genistein) [ 3 , 105 ].…”

Guarana (Paullinia cupana Mart.) attenuates methylmercury-induced toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans

“…Although GEE - untreated skn-1 (ok2315) worms also recovered their movements 24-hour post MeHg exposure, pre-treatment with the extract, accelerated the worms recovery. Thus, GEE might decrease MeHg toxicity by increasing antioxidant defenses and/or increasing MeHg excretion, as well as the rate of cellular repair in damaged worms (43, 44). However, GEE did not protect WT worms.…”