Calcaneus ultrasound in males: Normative data in the Croatian population (ECUM study)

Kaštelan, Darko; Kujundžić-Tiljak, Mirjana; Kraljević, Ivana; Kardum, Iva; Giljević, Zlatko; Koršić, Mirko

doi:10.1007/bf03345543

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In this study, osteoporosis assessment was made on the basis of clinical suspicion and the selection and referral of high-risk patients to ultrasound densitometry and conventional DXA. According to the results of calcaneus ultrasound densitometry, the ECUM Studies (Epidemiology of Calcaneus Ultrasound in Males) conducted in Croatia, 16.2% of men and 28.2% of women aged over 50 have osteoporosis (5). Our results are different, but the goal of this research was different as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Osteoporosis in Family Medicine Obtained by Ultrasound Densitometry

Alibašić¹,

Ramić²,

Mujanovic³

et al. 2013

Acta Inform Med

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Introduction:Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density, making bones become less rigid, and therefore susceptible to fractures, either spontaneously or with force, which is lower than otherwise needed for healthy bones fractured. Nearly 10% of the world population and 30% of women after menopause, suffer from osteoporosis. Clinical assessment of osteoporosis in family medicine is key to prevention, early detection and treatment of osteoporosis.Objective:To investigate the possibility of early detection and diagnosis of osteoporosis by analyzing the risk factors for osteoporosis and to compare the results with the parameters obtained by ultrasound densitometry of calcaneus, and determine the relationship of calcaneus densitometry with DXA findings, as the gold standard for the diagnosis of osteoporosis.Patients and methods:The study included all patients of Family Medicine Kalesija Team 1, aged 50 years and over, a total of 711 patients, of whom 425 were women and 286 men. In all patients we assessed the existence of the following risk factors for osteoporosis: Constitutional: gender, age, weight, constitution, menarche and menopause, loss of height and stooped posture; Living habits: smoking, alcohol consumption, coffee, physical activity, and medications: long-term use corticosteroids, anticonvulsants, antacids, thyroid hormones. Comorbidity: history of fractures, hyperthyroidism, COPD, Chussing’s disease, diabetes. In the group of high-risk patients determined by the clinical assessment, quantitative ultrasound densitometry screening was carried out. Monitoring parameters derived with densitometry: the value of T-score, BUA (Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation), SOS (Speed of Sound), QUI (Quantitative Ultrasound Index). To confirm the diagnosis of osteoporosis, in all patients with positive findings using ultrasound densitometry (T score lower than 2.5), another densitometry was performed by standard DXA method.Results:The incidence of osteoporosis was 96% in women and 4% in men. Differences in prevalence between men and women are statistically significant. People with and without osteoporosis significantly differ in gender, age, weight, constitution (BMI-Body Mass Index). The parameters that distinguish those with and without osteoporosis: age, weight, height, BMI, gender. Out of the total of 711 patients, in 11% of patients the clinical evaluation showed the existence of high risk of osteoporosis. In 9.8% patients, the values were determined by ultrasound densitometry, where T score was lower than 2.5 what induces a high risk of fractures, and for 8.8% patients the DXA confirmed the diagnosis of osteoporosis.Conclusion:Clinical assessment of osteoporosis in the family medicine clinic performed in timely and focused history of risk factors for osteoporosis, with additional findings from quantitative densitometry of calcaneus, was sufficient for the early detection and screening of patients with high risk for osteoporosis. With good clinical assessment of osteoporosis it will be...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Osteoporosis in Family Medicine Obtained by Ultrasound Densitometry

Alibašić¹,

Ramić²,

Mujanovic³

et al. 2013

Acta Inform Med

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“…It included 1002 healthy male participants, aged 20 to 99 from all over Croatia (27). Their qualitative ultrasound index (QUI) and speed of sound (SOS) values peaked in the third decade, whereas broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) peaked in the fourth decade of life.…”

Section: Peak Bone Density In General Croatian Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Heredity and Environment on Peak Bone Density: A Review of Studies in Croatia

Avdagić¹,

Barić²,

Keser³

et al. 2012

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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One of the main determinants of who will develop osteoporosis is the amount of bone accumulated at peak bone density. There is poor agreement, however, on when peak bone density occurs. Ethnic differences were observed in age at peak bone density and their correlates. Since the diagnosis of osteoporosis and osteopaenia is based on the comparison between patients' bone mineral density (BMD) and optimal peak bone density in healthy young people (T-score), it is of great importance that each country should provide its own reference peak bone density data. This review article presents our published results on peak bone density in Croatia and compares them with fi ndings in other populations. Our research included 18 to 25-year-old students from Zagreb University and their parents. The results showed that peak bone mass in young Croatian women was achieved before the age of twenty, but BMD continued to increase after the mid-twenties in the long-bone cortical skeleton. BMD was comparable to the values reported by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and other studies that included the same age groups, except for the cortical part of the radius, where it was signifi cantly lower. Men achieved peak bone density in the spine later than women, which cannot be explained by different diet or physical activity. As expected, heredity was more important for peak bone density than the environmental factors known to be important for bone health. However, the infl uence of heredity was not as strong as observed in most other populations. It was also weaker in the cortical than in the trabecular parts of the skeleton. Future research should include young adolescent population to defi ne the exact age of achieving peak bone density in different skeletal sites.

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“…QUI can range from 0 to 170, with higher values associated with greater bone mass. T-scores for QUI were calculated using Croatian QUS normative data (Krieg et al, 2008;Kaštelan et al, 2006) according to the formula: (P-YA)/SDya (where P is the participant result, YA young adult mean value, and SDya standard deviation from YA). The instrumental quality control was performed daily by scanning the manufacturer-provided, temperature-sensitive phantom.…”

Section: Ultrasound Bone Densitometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate Cancer in Elderly Croatian Men: 5-HT Genetic Polymorphisms and the Influence of Androgen Deprivation Therapy on Osteopenia—A Pilot Study

Pašalić

Pauković²,

Cvijetić³

et al. 2012

Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers

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Background: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between body mass index, biochemical parameters, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) genetic polymorphisms and prostate dysfunction in an elderly general male population. Results: One hundred and seventeen elderly male subjects [60 men without symptoms of prostate hyperplasia, 42 men with untreated benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and 15 men with prostate cancer (PCa)] treated with finasteride or flutamide were included. Multiple comparisons showed significant difference in age, T-score, concentration of phosphorus, calcium, C-reactive protein, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) between the groups. T-score was the lowest and phosphorus concentration was the highest in the PCa group. Highest PSA, proteins, calcium, and Hekal's formula score were found in the BPH group. Patients with PCa were more frequent GG + GA carriers of 5-HT1B 1997A/G gene polymorphism ( p = 0.035). Univariate regression analysis showed association of PCa-treated subjects with age ( p = 0.010) and 5-HT1B genetic polymorphism ( p = 0.018). Antiandrogen therapy affects T-score ( p = 0.017), serum phosphorus ( p = 0.008), glucose ( p = 0.036), and total proteins ( p = 0.050). Multivariate-stepwise logistic regression analysis showed the significant association of treated PCa with age ( p = 0.028) and inorganic phosphorus ( p = 0.005), and a marginal association with ultrasonographic T-score ( p = 0.052). Conclusions: Antiandrogen therapy might induce bone mineral loss in elderly PCa patients. Preliminary data imply that the genetic variants of the 5-HT1B receptor might be associated with PCa.

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Calcaneus ultrasound in males: Normative data in the Croatian population (ECUM study)

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Assessment of Osteoporosis in Family Medicine Obtained by Ultrasound Densitometry

Assessment of Osteoporosis in Family Medicine Obtained by Ultrasound Densitometry

Influence of Heredity and Environment on Peak Bone Density: A Review of Studies in Croatia

Prostate Cancer in Elderly Croatian Men: 5-HT Genetic Polymorphisms and the Influence of Androgen Deprivation Therapy on Osteopenia—A Pilot Study

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