Calcification and organic production on a Hawaiian coral reef

Shamberger, Kathryn E. F.; Feely, Richard A.; Sabine, Christopher L.; Atkinson, Marlin J.; DeCarlo, Eric H.; Mackenzie, Fred T.; Drupp, P. S.; Butterfield, D. A.

doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2011.08.003

Cited by 173 publications

(275 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Though field data are limited, correlation between calcification rates and temporal variability in seawater temperature, light, and X arag have been observed on coral reef ecosystems at diurnal (e.g., Suzuki et al 1995;Halley 2003, 2006;Price et al 2012) and seasonal (e.g., Silverman et al 2007;Manzello et al 2008;Bates et al 2010;Shamberger et al 2011;Albright et al 2013) timescales. However, the interdependence of these parameters makes deciphering the relative importance and the principle driving mechanism(s) difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple driving factors explain spatial and temporal variability in coral calcification rates on the Bermuda platform

2014

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Experimental studies have shown that coral calcification rates are dependent on light, nutrients, food availability, temperature, and seawater aragonite saturation (X arag ), but the relative importance of each parameter in natural settings remains uncertain. In this study, we applied Calcein fluorescent dyes as time indicators within the skeleton of coral colonies (n = 3) of Porites astreoides and Diploria strigosa at three study sites distributed across the northern Bermuda coral reef platform. We evaluated the correlation between seasonal average growth rates based on coral density and extension rates with average temperature, light, and seawater X arag in an effort to decipher the relative importance of each parameter. The results show significant seasonal differences among coral calcification rates ranging from summer maximums of 243 ± 58 and 274 ± 57 mmol CaCO 3 m -2 d -1 to winter minimums of 135 ± 39 and 101 ± 34 mmol CaCO 3 m -2 d -1 for P. astreoides and D. strigosa, respectively. We also placed small coral colonies (n = 10) in transparent chambers and measured the instantaneous rate of calcification under light and dark treatments at the same study sites. The results showed that the skeletal growth of D. strigosa and P. astreoides, whether hourly or seasonal, was highly sensitive to X arag . We believe this high sensitivity, however, is misleading, due to covariance between light and X arag , with the former being the strongest driver of calcification variability. For the seasonal data, we assessed the impact that the observed seasonal differences in temperature (4.0°C), light (5.1 mol photons m -2 d -1 ), and X arag (0.16 units) would have on coral growth rates based on established relationships derived from laboratory studies and found that they could account for approximately 44, 52, and 5 %, respectively, of the observed seasonal change of 81 ± 14 mmol CaCO 3 m -2 d -1 . Using short-term light and dark incubations, we show how the covariance of light and X arag can lead to the false conclusion that calcification is more sensitive to X arag than it really is.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple driving factors explain spatial and temporal variability in coral calcification rates on the Bermuda platform

2014

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“…4). It is well established that for carbonate ecosystems, calcification decreases TA during the day and carbonate dissolution increases TA at night (2017) 23:75-88 81 (e.g., Shamberger et al 2011;Shaw et al 2012;Albright et al 2013), and hence this oscillation clearly does not represent the in situ diel calcification/dissolution signal generated over the reef flat. These underway data were collected roughly 8-10 km downwind from the forereef during the day and 20 km downwind at night.…”

Section: Spatial Scale Impact Of Reef Inorganic Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Photosynthesis during the day consumes DIC and increases X ar , which promotes calcification that depletes TA (Suzuki et al 1995;Ohde and van Woesik 1999;Bates et al 2010;Shamberger et al 2011;Lantz et al 2013). At night, respiration produces CO 2 , decreases X ar , and calcification often slows, with some benthic communities experiencing net dissolution Halley 2003, 2006;Andersson and Gledhill 2013;Eyre et al 2014).…”

Section: Ta: Dic Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although numerous experimental and field studies show that increasing CO 2 and decreasing aragonite saturation state (X ar ) lead to decreased coral calcification rates and increased dissolution rates of carbonate substrates, the predicted point in time at which an individual reef ecosystem will shift from net accretion to net dissolution varies across studies and ecosystems (Silverman et al 2007;Ohde and van Woesik 1999;Langdon et al 2000Langdon et al , 2003Andersson et al 2009;Shamberger et al 2011;Shaw et al 2012;Andersson et al 2014). While the global distribution of coral reefs is governed by light availability, temperature, nutrients and X ar (Kleypas et al 1999), at the local scale, the conditions that determine coral reef calcification, distribution and community composition are much more complicated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatiotemporal Assessment of CO2–Carbonic Acid System Dynamics in a Pristine Coral Reef Ecosystem, French Frigate Shoals, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

et al. 2017

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Observations of surface seawater fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO 2 ) and pH were collected over a period of several days at French Frigate Shoals (FFS) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) in order to gain an understanding of the natural spatiotemporal variability of the marine inorganic carbon system in a pristine coral reef ecosystem. These data show clear island-to-open ocean gradients in fCO 2 and total alkalinity that can be measured 10-20 km offshore, indicating that metabolic processes influence the CO 2 -carbonic acid system over large areas of ocean surrounding FFS and by implication the islands and atolls of the NWHI. The magnitude and extent of this spatial gradient may be driven by a combination of physical and biogeochemical processes including reef water residence time, hydrodynamic forcing of currents and tidal flow, and metabolic processes that occur both on the reef and within the lagoon.

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“…Net ecosystem calcification (NEC) over most coral reef environments is positive (i.e., NEC [0), while net organic production (NP) is near zero (Falter et al 2011;Shamberger et al 2011;Lantz et al 2013). The resulting combination for net ecosystem production (NEP) causes coral reef environments to act as net sources of CO 2 to the atmosphere (Suzuki and Kawahata 2003).…”

Section: Coral Reef Metabolism and The Island Mass Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latitudinal Trends and Drivers in the CO2–Carbonic Acid System of Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument

et al. 2015

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Emissions of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to the atmosphere and the consequent effects of climate change and ocean acidification on coral reef ecosystems have motivated significant interest in describing and understanding the CO 2 -carbonic acid system of diverse coral reef environments. Although numerous studies have been successful in monitoring reef metabolism both in the field and in the laboratory, physical and biological forcings produce distinct conditions among environments. Due to the geographic isolation and associated difficulties with measuring marine carbon chemistry in waters of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (PMNM), relatively few studies have described the CO 2 -carbonic acid system and carbonate saturation state gradients of these waters. Yet, PMNM remains one of the largest conservation areas in the world with extensive and diverse coral reef ecosystems that could offer valuable insight into our current and future understanding about regional and global impacts of ocean acidification. In order to provide a broad overview of latitudinal trends and features of the marine carbon system in PMNM waters, continuous measurements for surface seawater fugacity of CO 2 (fCO 2 ) and pH were collected during August 2011 and July 2012 cruises of the NOAA Ship Hi'ialakai. These 123Aquat Geochem (2015) 21:535-553 DOI 10.1007/s10498-015-9273-z measurements indicate that pH and fCO 2 are three times more variable in nearshore monument waters relative to open ocean transect measurements. This variability can be observed up to 50 km away from the nearest reef and is likely the result of the direct and significant impact of coral reef metabolism on marine carbon chemistry around the islands and atolls. The relationship between total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon is consistent with net calcification which creates an alkalinity sink throughout PMNM waters. Additionally, our measurements show clear latitudinal trends in fCO 2 , pH, and aragonite saturation state that are influenced by environmental forcings, including temperature, wind speed, and residence time of the water. Collectively, our results suggest that coral reefs located at the northernmost atolls of PMNM may be the most susceptible to the adverse impacts of climate change and ocean acidification.

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Calcification and organic production on a Hawaiian coral reef

Cited by 173 publications

References 64 publications

Multiple driving factors explain spatial and temporal variability in coral calcification rates on the Bermuda platform

Multiple driving factors explain spatial and temporal variability in coral calcification rates on the Bermuda platform

Spatiotemporal Assessment of CO2–Carbonic Acid System Dynamics in a Pristine Coral Reef Ecosystem, French Frigate Shoals, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

Latitudinal Trends and Drivers in the CO2–Carbonic Acid System of Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument

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