Calcined Mussel Shell Powder (CMSP) via Modification with Surfactants: Application for Antistatic Oil-Removal

Abstract

Biomass is known to efficiently adsorb pollutants from wastewater. In this paper, we demonstrated that a new antistatic oil-cleaning material can be prepared and assembled by using two surfactants, alkyl polyglucosides (APG) and dimethyl octadecyl hydroxy ethyl ammonium nitrate (SN), to modify calcined mussel shell powder (CMSP) through a two-step hydrotherm-assisted adsorption. The pore size and structure of CMSP was measured by BET and a contact angle meter was used to characterize the surface wetting ability. XRD, FTIR, XPS, SEM, TEM, and HRTEM were employed to determine the surface structure of CMSP modified by surfactants APG and SN (MMO). In order to further characterize properties of the surface morphology and crystal structure, the HRTEM was employed to show that the MMO surface had a single crystal structure: calcite, with a crystal plane spacing of 0.2467 nm. The surface of MMO appeared to be fluffy and disperse. The antistatic and degreasing ability of as-prepared samples (MMO) was evaluated by a ZC-36 high resistance meter and BD-457 whiteness meter. The results showed that when the calcination temperature of CMSP reached 1000 °C, and the addition amount of APG and SN was 0.8 g and 0.16 g, it had an optimum antistatic effect with a surface resistivity (Rs) of 1.35 × 108 Ω, and a detergency rate to oil of 17.35%. This study aims to embrace a green solution to reduce environmental pressure and make use of waste, which is of great significance to environmental protection.

Lala clam (Orbicularia orbiculata) shell as an eco-friendly adsorbent for Cd(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions

“…The surface area, pore volume and pore diameter of lala clam shell were measured as 2.09 m 2 /g, 0.16 cm 3 /g and 0.15 nm, respectively. The surface area of lala clam shell is relatively comparable to the values of several other shells reported previously by Wei et al (2018) for Mytilus edulis mussel shell (1.120 m 2 /g), Tsai (2013) for Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster shell (4.05 m 2 /g) and de Paiva, Fraga, Sales, Carvalho, and Sobrinho (2018) for Anomalocardia brasiliana clam shell (4.44 m 2 /g). According to the IUPAC, the porosity of substances can be grouped into three different classes of diameter groups (d), namely micropores (d < 2 nm), mesopores…”

An insight into the structure, composition and hardness of a biological material: the shell of freshwater mussels

“…[29][30][31]66,67 However, following harvest of esh 65 and/or pearl 66,67 the shells are discarded as waste, which bears huge prospect as a biological material. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38] While discarded marine shells derived from mussels, oysters, clams and abalones have been characterized as biological material with multiple utility, few efforts have been made from the freshwater mussels. 41,54 Several studies have shown that shells of marine bivalves and gastropods are more worthy as waste with multiple applications in the eld of biodiesel production, 39,40 waste water treatment, 46,47 soil amelioration, [48][49][50] biosorbent for dye and heavy metal, 45,51,52,54,55 llers and alternative to mortars, 56,57 and as an alternative to the bone materials.…”

“…The waste shells are highly valued resource used in multiple purposes. [32][33][34][35][36] Owing to a rich source of calcium carbonate, the shells of mussels are converted into useful lime, 37 which can facilitate oil removal 38 or act as a catalyst in biodiesel formation 39,40 or as a catalyst in the 4H pyran formation. 41 The mussel shells can be incorporated in polypropylene 42 or in reinforced composites.…”

Effective Adsorption of Diesel Oil by Crab-Shell-Derived Biochar Nanomaterials

“…The application of the adsorption process to treat oily wastewater effluents with activated carbon is a promising alternative treatment method that is scarcely explored [12]. In general, activated carbons are the most widely used adsorbents in both granular and powdered forms due to their excellent adsorption capability for organic matter, which is usually related to their porosity, specific surface area, and pore volume [13,14,15]. For example, the adsorption performance of methylene blue onto activated carbon prepared from date pits has been explored [16].…”