Calcinose distrófica cutânea na doença venosa crônica de membros inferiores

Abstract

Resumo As úlceras de membros inferiores, secundárias à doença venosa crônica (DVC), constituem um problema significativo de saúde pública no Brasil e representam cerca de 70% do total dessas úlceras. Apesar dos recentes avanços tecnológicos e das diversas opções terapêuticas utilizadas para essas lesões crônicas, existem diversos fatores que podem estar implicados na resistência ao tratamento. A calcificação distrófica cutânea (CDC) é uma condição rara e frequentemente subdiagnosticada, que, quando associada à DVC, pode estar associada à refratariedade no processo cicatricial. Neste artigo, relatamos um caso de CDC em paciente portador de DVC e discutimos a sua etiologia, fisiopatologia e possíveis opções de tratamento.

The influence of compositional variability of dimension stone residues on the properties of rustic porous ceramic tiles

“…1 carbonate rocks, the CaO and MgO contents came from carbonates (calcite and dolomite) whereas iron oxide came from some minerals of the mica and plagioclase group that were present in some of the processed rocks, but mainly it came from the shot and steel blades used in the sawing process. Generally, the presence of alkali metals (such as K and Na) and alkaline earth metals induce the formation of a liquid phase during ceramic firing [10,19]. Iron gives color and acts in the sintering process by reducing the viscosity of the liquid phase formed during firing, which can lead to pyroplastic deformation [12,19].…”

“…The residue added in the clay mixture, and the temperature and sintering time used in this work were based on the best conditions obtained in previous work, with samples containing clay and 0, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of ornamental rock residue, fired at 900, 1000 and 1100 °C for 1 and 2 h [6]. Other authors [10,12,15] also indicated this firing temperature/time (1000 °C/1 h) for red ceramics due to the resulting good physical and mechanical properties. Good mechanical properties were also obtained after durability testing at 900 °C, compared to ceramics sintered at lower temperatures [16].…”

“…To this end, many works investigated including dimension stone residues in red ceramics products [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The term 'red ceramic' includes several products with clays that contain iron oxides and hydroxides, responsible for the reddish color of the pieces after firing.…”

“…The authors [10] that investigated the incorporation of residues from gneisses for producing rustic porous tiles recommend new tests at a sintering temperature of ~1000 °C. Another research [11] added residues from granitic rocks and kaolin to the ceramic mixture and reported that the specimens met the ABNT standard requirements for semi-porous ceramics at the sintering temperature of 1150 °C.…”