Calciphylaxis in Three Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease

Penile calciphylaxis

“…Trauma has been associated with some cases of calciphylaxis. 1 Patients with penile calciphylaxis present with painful violaceous papules with underlying induration, usually on the glans. 2,3 Initial lesions have a mottled appearance and can mimic livedo reticularis.…”

“…1 In addition, 90% are women and the risk that a woman who is a smoker will develop PPP is 74 times higher than the risk for a nonsmoking healthy woman of the same age. 2 Nicotine is excreted in the eccrine palmar duct, 3 which is the target for the inflammation in PPP.…”

“…2 Nicotine is excreted in the eccrine palmar duct, 3 which is the target for the inflammation in PPP. 1 Despite the possible role of smoking as a precipitating or aggravating factor for PPP, there are no reports on the clinical course of PPP in relation to cessation of smoking. We have tried to perform a prospective study with the aim of gaining more information about the clinical course of PPP in patients who were able to stop smoking in comparison with those who were not.…”

“…1,2,4,5 After being given this information, the patients were asked whether they were willing to try to stop smoking and, if so, when (within 1-2 months or later). Irrespective of their intention to stop smoking, the patients were also asked whether they were willing to fill in a protocol once weekly for at least 3 months concerning the activity of their PPP.…”

A case of penile necrosis induced by calciphylaxis associated with chronic renal failure, with a review of the literature

“…It occurs in up to 1% of patients undergoing long-term dialysis, but sporadic instances in patients with end-stage renal failure have also been reported 1) . In addition to kidney failure, other risk factors include obesity, female sex, white race, liver disease, use of systemic corticosteroids, decreased albumin levels and elevated serum calcium-phosphorus products 2,3) .…”