Calcium alginate bead manufacture: With and without immobilised yeast. Drop formation at a two‐fluid nozzle

Abstract

Two models were developed to predict the size of drops of aqueous sodium alginate solution formed at a two‐fluid nozzle. Experimental results revealed that actual drop sizes lay between the sizes predicted by the two models. Drop size was closely predicted by the volume mean of the two models. Several nozzles were tested and the influence of operating conditions on drop diameter was examined, with gas velocity and nozzle outer diameter having the largest effect. Only two nozzles would be needed to produce drops with diameters in the range 1–6 mm. The addition of yeast in amounts of up to 10% (w/w) had no effect on operation of the nozzles.

Adsorption equilibrium of copper ion and phenol by powdered activated carbon, alginate bead and alginate-activated carbon bead

“…One of the important properties of alginate is the ability to form hydrogels [13,14]. An aqueous solution of alginate is readily transformed into a hydrogel by the addition of metallic divalent cations such as Ca 2+ .…”

Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of copper ions and phenol onto modified adsorbents

“…One of the important properties of alginate is the ability to form hydrogels (Clark and Ross-Murphy 1987;Gilson and Thomas 1995). An aqueous solution of alginate is readily transformed into a hydrogel by the addition of metallic divalent cations, such as Ca 2+ .…”

Selective Uptake of Cesium by Ammonium Molybdophosphate (AMP)-Calcium Alginate Composites

“…7) Recently, the gelforming property of this polymer has led to its extensive use in biomedicine and biotechnology industry to immobilize or encapsulate enzymes, subcelluler organelles and living cells. [8][9][10][11][12] Thus the prominent immobilizing ability of alginic acid and alginates seems to be effective for the granulation of fine crystals of AMP exchanger, and this new granulation method has a number of advantages of simplicity for preparation, high content of active component (AMP), high poros-ity, mechanical strength and strong acid resistance. 13) The gel network of alginate matrices is also expected to prevent the exchanger from dislodgment during operation of packed column.…”