Calcium and Calmodulin Regulate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Alveolar Macrophage Production of Tumor Necrosis Factor and Procoagulant Activity

Abstract

Our results indicate that increased intracellular calcium causing signal transduction activation through the calmodulin pathway is a necessary, but insufficient, component of the LPS signaling in M phi.

Interleukin 10 Inhibits Alveolar Macrophage Production of Inflammatory Mediators Involved in Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome

“…However, it did optimize the M response to subsequent inflammatory stimuli. A23187 augmented TNF and PCA production by LPSstimulated M [14]. In this study, A23187 had no effect on IL-10 inhibition of either TNF or PCA production which suggests that IL-10 has no effects on calcium flux from either the extracellular or the endoplasmic reticular sources.…”

“…Our recent study suggested that the production of both TNF and PCA by LPSstimulated M was also regulated by PLC pathways [14]. PLC hydrolyzes membrane phospholipids to release IP 3 and DAG, leading to an increase in [Ca 2ϩ ] i and protein kinase C activation.…”

“…Our previous study [14] has shown that M TNF and PCA production induced by LPS is closely regulated by phospholipase C (PLC) signal pathways. Phospholipase C hydrolyzes membrane phospholipids to release diacyl glycerol (DAG) and IP 3 , leading to an increase in intracellular calcium ([Ca 2ϩ ] i ) and protein kinase C (PKC) activation.…”

Influence of EDTA and heparin on lipopolysaccharide binding and cell activation, evaluated at single‐cell level in whole blood

“…On the other hand, EDTA abrogates the enhancement of LPS-induced TNF-␣ production by HBP (18). Furthermore, the depleting effect of EDTA on Ca 2ϩ is a possible reason for the lower responses to LPS obtained in EDTA blood because a Ca 2ϩ dependence of the LPS-induced TNF-␣ response of alveolar (19) and peritoneal (20) macrophages from rabbits and mice has been demonstrated previously.…”

Upregulation of Cyclooxygenase-II Gene and PGE2 Production of Peritoneal Macrophages in Diabetic Rats1

“…Priming/activation sequence is frequently observed in patients with multiple organ failure [21]. When two or more seemingly trivial insults occur on MØ, a synergistic effect is observed [22]. Others often cite the hypothesis of priming and activation mechanism as an explanation for the enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines or up-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes observed in many clinical observations, including ischemia and reperfusion injury; our study further suggests that priming and activation also occurs in the regulation of anti-inflammatory mediators such as PGE 2 .…”