Calcium and Magnesium Alkoxides for Conservation Treatment of Stone and Wood in Built Heritage

Favaro, Monica; Chiurato, Matteo; Tomasin, Patrizia; Ossola, F.; Habra, Naida El; Brianese, N.; Svensson, Ingvar L; Beckers, E.H.A.; Pérez, Vicente; Sánchez, M.; Bernardi, Adriana

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08533-3_35

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Although several synthetic methodologies can be used [23] to synthesize magnesium alkoxides, preliminary carbonation tests performed with available commercial products demonstrated that they are unsuitable for conservation of built heritage [24,25]. Figure 1 show the possible pathways for the formation of calcium carbonate from calcium alkoxides.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Calcium Alkoxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To assess the kinetic and the final products of the carbonation process, the calcium alkoxides produced by different synthetic pathways have been dissolved in alcohol and deposited on suitable substrates. The corresponding coatings have been analysed by different techniques (FT-IR, XRD; FEG ESEM) and details can be found in papers by [24,25].…”

Section: Synthesis Of Calcium Alkoxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Innovative consolidating products for stone materials: field exposure tests as a valid approach for assessing durability

et al. 2015

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The impact of climate on cultural heritage surfaces leads to several damage processes and the protection and the preservation of works of art is a challenge for conservation scientists and restorers. Traditional and innovative products are used in consolidating treatments in order to reduce the effects of the interaction environment-materials. The EC NANOMATCH Project aims at the development of innovative consolidating agents for carbonate matrices, wood and glass whose features should result in high compatibility, efficiency and long-lasting effect. In this project, metal alkoxides, molecular precursors for the deposition of metal carbonate are synthesized, characterized, tested and proposed as an alternative to traditional consolidating agents as well as to calcium hydroxide nanoparticles. This paper gives an overall description of the methodological approach adopted for the in field evaluation of durability taking into account the environmental impact. Preliminary results of the analyses carried out on carbonate stones aimed at investigating the features of the consolidating treatment are here presented and discussed.

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Section: Synthesis Of Calcium Alkoxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesis Of Calcium Alkoxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative consolidating products for stone materials: field exposure tests as a valid approach for assessing durability

et al. 2015

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“…Previous studies [6,11,12] showed that the carbonation process of calcium alkoxides can follow two different pathways. The first is an insertion of a CO 2 molecule within the Ca-O bond with the formation of an intermediate alkyl carbonate followed by hydrolysis and alcohol elimination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Calcium Ethoxide as a New Product for Conservation of Historical Limestone

et al. 2018

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The combination of multiple physical, chemical and biological factors causes the weathering of limestone used in the field of cultural heritage. To overcome the limitations of traditional consolidating products and to meet the requirements of the historical building substrates, during the European collaborative project NANOMATCH, alkaline earth alkoxides were developed and studied as consolidating agents for limestone. Among these new products, calcium ethoxide, with the formula Ca(OEt) 2 , was chosen for this study and investigated in depth as an alternative consolidating treatment. It was first characterized through a study of the carbonation process: its kinetics, reaction pathway and the evaluation of formed mineralogical phases. Subsequently, it was applied on limestones with different total open porosity to test its performance as a consolidating agent. The compatibility and the efficiency of the treatment were investigated with a multi-technique approach and compared with results obtained with a reference product, based on nanolime. This study indicates that calcium ethoxide shows better results with respect to the reference product, both in terms of compatibility and consolidation effect.

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“…It presents an average particle dimension of 295 nm [12] and The study of the carbonation process of a calcium ethoxide nanosuspension, in terms of kinetics, reaction pathway, and evaluation of mineralogical phases formed at the end of this reaction, has been reported in a recent work [12]. Several works demonstrated that the carbonation process, the stability of the nanosuspension, the penetration into a support, and thus the consolidation effect of calcium-based products, are influenced by the carrier solvent [6, 13,14]. Therefore, the present study aims at modifying the original calcium ethoxide nanosuspension by diluting it in two solvents, 2-butanol and n-butylacetate, which present different chemical characteristics namely their boiling points.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Ethoxide as Consolidant for Porous Limestones: Influence of the Solvent

et al. 2019

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Calcium ethoxide nanosuspension, a consolidating product developed during the European Nanomatch project, is here modified by adding two different solvents, 2-butanol and n-butylacetate, chosen for their different boiling points with respect to ethanol, the solvent employed in a previous work to dilute the original product. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (µFT-IR) was used to understand how the presence of these new solvents can influence the kinetics of the carbonation process and the pathway reaction. Furthermore, coatings derived from nanosuspensions were maintained for specific time intervals at controlled relative humidity conditions (RH = 50% and RH = 90%); the formed mineralogical phases were characterized by µFT-IR and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results indicate that the used solvents can influence the kinetic and reaction pathways, while the phases formed at the end of the carbonation process are influenced by both solvents and RH conditions. The effectiveness of calcium ethoxide based product diluted in 2-butanol and n-butylacetate as limestone consolidants was evaluated with drilling resistance measurement system (DRMS) and ultrasound pulse velocity (UPV). The impact on color coordinates was also assessed. The results were compared with those obtained with the same product diluted in ethanol and a commercial nanolime. The use of these solvents gave different and better results in terms of efficacy.

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Calcium and Magnesium Alkoxides for Conservation Treatment of Stone and Wood in Built Heritage

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Innovative consolidating products for stone materials: field exposure tests as a valid approach for assessing durability

Innovative consolidating products for stone materials: field exposure tests as a valid approach for assessing durability

Study of Calcium Ethoxide as a New Product for Conservation of Historical Limestone

Calcium Ethoxide as Consolidant for Porous Limestones: Influence of the Solvent

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