Calcium binding proteins distinguish large and small cells of the ventral posterior and lateral geniculate nuclei of the prosimian galago and the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri).

Diamond, Irving T.; Fitzpatrick, David; Schmechel, D. E.

doi:10.1073/pnas.90.4.1425

Cited by 75 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Inputs to both the S laminar and interlaminar cells and the inferior pulvinar nucleus arise in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus (Benevento and Fallon, 1975;Partlow et al, 1977;Harting et al, 1978Harting et al, , 1991 and both receive inputs from the retina (a restricted area adjacent to the lateral geniculate in the case of the inferior pulvinar nucleus) (Campos-Ortega et al, 1972;Tigges et al, 1977;Hendrickson et al, 1970;Kaas et al, 1978;Tokunaga et al, 1981). The parallel with the diffusely projecting matrix of the ventral thalamic nuclei seems clear (see also Diamond et al, 1993, andCusick et al, 1993). The present study places the CaMKII-␣ cells of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the context of the thalamus and thalamocortical connections as a whole, rather than as a singular element restricted to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus.…”

Section: Specific and Unspecific Expression Of Camkii Isoforms In Relmentioning

confidence: 90%

Cell-specific expression of type II calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase isoforms and glutamate receptors in normal and visually deprived lateral geniculate nucleus of monkeys

Tighilet¹,

Huntsman²,

Hashikawa³

et al. 1998

J. Comp. Neurol.

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In situ hybridization histochemistry and immunocytochemistry were used to map distributions of cells expressing mRNAs encoding alpha, beta, gamma, and delta isoforms of type II calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII), alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionate (AMPA)/ kainate receptor subunits, (GluR1-7), and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits, NR1 and NR2A-D, or stained by subunit-specific immunocytochemistry in the dorsal lateral geniculate nuclei of macaque monkeys. Relationships of specific isoforms with particular glutamate receptor types may be important elements in neural plasticity. CaMKII-alpha is expressed only by neurons in the S laminae and interlaminar plexuses of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, but may form part of a more widely distributed matrix of similar cells extending from the geniculate into adjacent nuclei. CaMKII-beta, -gamma, and -delta isoforms are expressed by all neurons in principal and S laminae and interlaminar plexuses. In principal laminae, they are down-regulated by monocular deprivation lasting 8-21 days. All glutamate receptor subunits are expressed by neurons in principal and S laminae and interlaminar plexuses. The AMPA/kainate subunits, GluR1, 2, 5, and 7, are expressed at low levels, although GluR1 immunostaining appears selectively to stain interneurons. GluR3 is expressed at weak, GluR 6 at moderate and GluR 4 at high levels. NMDA subunits, NR1 and NR2A, B, and D, are expressed at moderate to low levels. GluR4, GluR6 and NMDA subunits are down-regulated by visual deprivation. CaMKII-alpha expression is unique in comparison with other CaMKII isoforms which may, therefore, have more generalized roles in cell function. The results demonstrate that all of the isoforms are associated with NMDA receptors and with AMPA receptors enriched with GluR4 subunits, which implies high calcium permeability and rapid gating.

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Section: Specific and Unspecific Expression Of Camkii Isoforms In Relmentioning

confidence: 90%

Cell-specific expression of type II calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase isoforms and glutamate receptors in normal and visually deprived lateral geniculate nucleus of monkeys

Tighilet¹,

Huntsman²,

Hashikawa³

et al. 1998

J. Comp. Neurol.

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“…However, a third visual pathway which seems to play a role in the integration of visual information has been described as anatomically, neurophysiologically, and neurochemically distinct -the koniocellular (K) pathway (Casagrande, 1994;Johnson & Casagrande, 1995). Indeed, in prosimian monkeys such as Galago crassicaudatus, the LGN has six laminae, two of which -4 and 5, koniocellular -have smaller relay cells which stain specifically for calbindin, while there is a complementary pattern of staining for parvalbumin in the other M and P laminae (Diamond et al, 1993;Casagrande, 1994;Johnson & Casagrande, 1995). In simian monkeys, such as Macaqua mulatto or fascicularis, the koniocellular laminae correspond mostly to the interlaminar zones (ILZ) and S laminae, while the remaining laminae 1 and 2 are magnocellular and laminae 3-6 are parvocellular.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of a large number of PV-positive asymmetric synaptic contacts in the thalamo-recip-ient layer IV of the primary visual cortex suggests that these afferents derive from the PV-ir neurons located in the LGN (Bliimckeetal., 1991;DeFelipe & Jones, 1991). Intheprosimian Galago, a complementary pattern of PV-ir and CB-ir neurons has also been described in the LGN, differentiating parallel visual pathways to the visual cortex (Diamond et al, 1993;Casagrande, 1994;Johnson & Casagrande, 1995). The presence of CB-ir neurons in the koniocellular layers, receiving fibers both from the retina and from the superior colliculus, suggests that calbindin is a marker for the LGN cells that belong to the third visual pathway, the K pathway, resembling the W pathway in cat (Casagrande, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium-binding proteins immunoreactivity in the human subcortical and cortical visual structures

Leuba¹,

Saini²

1996

Vis Neurosci

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The distribution of neurons and fibers immunoreactive (ir) to the three calcium-binding proteins parvalbumin (PV), calbindin D-28k (CB), and calretinin (CR) was studied in the human lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), lateral inferior pulvinar, and optic radiation, and related to that in the visual cortex. In the LGN, PV, CR, and CB immunoreactivity was present in all laminae, slightly stronger in the magnocellular than in the parvocellular laminae for CB and CR. PV-ir puncta, representing transversally cut axons, and CR-ir fibers were revealed within the laminae and interlaminar zones, and just beyond the outer border of lamina 6 in the geniculate capsule. In the optic radiation both PV-and CR-immunoreactive neurons, puncta, and fibers were present. CB immunoreactivity was revealed in neurons of all laminae of the lateral geniculate nucleus, including S lamina and interlaminar zones. There were hardly any CB-ir puncta or fibers in the laminae, interlaminar zones, geniculate capsule, or optic radiation. In the lateral inferior pulvinar, immunoreactive neurons for the three calcium-binding proteins were present in smaller number than in the LGN, as well as PV-ir puncta and CR-ir fibers within the nucleus and in the pulvinar capsule. In the white matter underlying area 17, fibers intermingled with a few scattered neurons were stained for both PV and CR, but very rarely for CB. These fibers stopped at the limit between areas 17 and 18. Area 17 showed a dense plexus of PV-ir puncta and neurons in the thalamo-receptive layer IV and CR-ir puncta and neurons both in the superficial layers I-II, IIIC, and in layer VA. Cajal-Retzius CR-ir neurons were present in layer I. CB-ir puncta were almost confined to layer I-III and CB-ir neurons to layer II. Finally the superior colliculus exhibited mostly populations of PV and CR pyramidal-like immunoreactive neurons, mainly in the intermediate tier. These data suggest that in the visual thalamus most calcium-binding protein immunoreactive neurons project to the visual cortex, while in the superior colliculus a smaller immunoreactive population represent projection neurons.

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“…Immunocytochemical staining for two calcium-binding proteins, parvalbumin and 28 kDa calbindin, has revealed two distinct classes of relay neurons in the thalamus of monkeys and certain other primates (see Jones & Hendry 1989;Diamond et al 1993; figure 9). Calbindin immunoreactive neurons are distributed widely throughout the dorsal thalamus and can be found in each of its nuclei.…”

Section: The Core and Matrix Of The Primate Thalamusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thalamic circuitry and thalamocortical synchrony

Jones

2002

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

311

259

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The corticothalamic system has an important role in synchronizing the activities of thalamic and cortical neurons. Numerically, its synapses dominate the inputs to relay cells and to the ␥-amino butyric acid (GABA)ergic cells of the reticular nucleus (RTN). The capacity of relay neurons to operate in different voltage-dependent functional modes determines that the inputs from the cortex have the capacity directly to excite the relay cells, or indirectly to inhibit them via the RTN, serving to synchronize high-or lowfrequency oscillatory activity respectively in the thalamocorticothalamic network. Differences in the ␣-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) subunit composition of receptors at synapses formed by branches of the same corticothalamic axon in the RTN and dorsal thalamus are an important element in the capacity of the cortex to synchronize low-frequency oscillations in the network. Interactions of focused corticothalamic axons arising from layer VI cortical cells and diffuse corticothalamic axons arising from layer V cortical cells, with the specifically projecting core relay cells and diffusely projecting matrix cells of the dorsal thalamus, form a substrate for synchronization of widespread populations of cortical and thalamic cells during high-frequency oscillations that underlie discrete conscious events.

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Calcium binding proteins distinguish large and small cells of the ventral posterior and lateral geniculate nuclei of the prosimian galago and the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri).

Cited by 75 publications

References 20 publications

Cell-specific expression of type II calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase isoforms and glutamate receptors in normal and visually deprived lateral geniculate nucleus of monkeys

Cell-specific expression of type II calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase isoforms and glutamate receptors in normal and visually deprived lateral geniculate nucleus of monkeys

Calcium-binding proteins immunoreactivity in the human subcortical and cortical visual structures

Thalamic circuitry and thalamocortical synchrony

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