Calcium channel blockers and behavioral sensitization

Karler, Ralph; Turkanis, Stuart A.; Partlow, Lester M.; Calder, Larry D.

doi:10.1016/0024-3205(91)90029-b

Cited by 61 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Besides it is known that a single injection of cocaine can induce LTP of AMPA receptormediated current in dopaminergic neurons in the VTA (Ungless et al, 2001). Stimulation of NMDA receptors is needed for the development of cocaine's sensitization (Karler et al, 1991;Kalivas and Alesdatter, 1993;Licata et al, 2000;Licata and Pierce, 2003), and confirming the important role of NMDA receptors and their activation at the glycine site, the employment of 7-chlorokynurenate, a specific antagonist of the glycine site of NMDA receptors, led to blocking of the initiation of sensitization to cocaine. This is in line with other reports demonstrating that the use of antagonist for the glycine/NMDA receptor such as R-( + )-HA-966 are able to prevent locomotor sensitization to repeated cocaine (Morrow et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A single injection of cocaine is known to induce LTP of AMPA receptor-mediated current in dopaminergic neurons in the VTA (Ungless et al, 2001). Facilitation of glutamate receptors leads to enhanced calcium influx in dopamine VTA neurons, and calcium and calcium-mediated second messenger systems play an important role in the expression of behavioral sensitization (Karler et al, 1991;Reimer and Martin-Iverson, 1994;Licata et al, 2004). Intracellular calcium binds calmodulin to become an active complex that can regulate many enzymes such as the calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) which seems to play a pivotal role (Nakamura et al, 2000), because intra-VTA infusions of KN-93 (CaMKII inhibitor) prevent the development of sensitization (Licata et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role for D-Serine within the Ventral Tegmental Area in the Development of Cocaine's Sensitization

Fernández-Espejo

Ramiro-Fuentes

Portavella

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Repeated exposure to cocaine results in motor sensitization that, in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), is associated to enhanced glutamate release, which in turn leads to enhanced calcium levels in dopaminergic neurons. Calcium influx activates calcium-calmodulindependent protein kinases such as CaMKII. D-Serine could participate on these effects, and the objective was to discern the role of VTA D-serine after a sensitizing regimen of cocaine (10 mg/kg daily), and to discern consequent expression changes in CaMKII and its activated form. For this purpose, D-serine, sodium benzoate (inhibitor of D-amino acid oxidase, the degradating enzyme of D-serine), and 7-chlorokynurenate (inhibitor of the glycine site of NMDA receptors) were injected into the VTA (in either the induction or expression phase of sensitization), and activation state of CaMKII was assessed through blotting. The findings indicated that intra-VTA administration of D-serine (5 mM) and sodium benzoate (100 and 200 mg/ml) during the induction phase (not expression) reliably augmented the expression of behavioral sensitization to cocaine, providing evidence that D-serine in the VTA participates in the initiation of motor sensitization to this psychostimulant drug. Intra-VTA infusions of D-serine, sodium benzoate and 7-chlorokynurenate did not elicit a motor effect of their own. Confirming the important role of NMDA receptors and their activation at the glycine site, the employment of 7-chlorokynurenate (2 and 5 mg/ml) led to blocking of the development of sensitization to cocaine. CaMKII within the VTA was found to participate in D-serine's effects because this kinase, that is activated after repeated cocaine, was further activated after co-treatment with D-serine or sodium benzoate. Besides CaMKII activity was otherwise reduced by 7-chlorokynurenate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role for D-Serine within the Ventral Tegmental Area in the Development of Cocaine's Sensitization

Fernández-Espejo

Ramiro-Fuentes

Portavella

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…Systemic administration of an L-type Ca 2+ channel antagonist during AMPH pre-exposure prevents the induction of locomotor sensitization (Karler et al, 1991b), while repeated administration of an L-type Ca 2+ channel agonist into the VTA produces locomotor sensitization to cocaine (Licata et al, 2000). NMDA, AMPA/ kainate, and mGlu receptors are known to interact to influence this influx of Ca 2+ .…”

Section: Induction Of Sensitization By Amph Requires Activation Of Glmentioning

confidence: 99%

Previous Exposure to VTA Amphetamine Enhances Cocaine Self-Administration under a Progressive Ratio Schedule in an NMDA, AMPA/Kainate, and Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor-Dependent Manner

Suto

Tanabe

Austin

et al. 2003

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Previous exposure to amphetamine (AMPH) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) enhances cocaine self-administration in a D 1 dopamine receptor-dependent manner. The present study examined the contribution of VTA NMDA, AMPA/kainate, and metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors to this effect. Rats in different groups received three intra-VTA injections, one every third day, of either saline (0.5 ml/ side), AMPH (2.5 mg/0.5 ml/side), AMPH+CPP (NMDA receptor antagonist; 10 mM or 100 mM/0.5 ml/side), AMPH+CNQX (AMPA/ kainate receptor antagonist; 0.3 mM or 1 mM/0.5 ml/side), AMPH+MCPG (mGlu receptor antagonist; 0.5 mM or 50 mM/0.5 ml/side), or the glutamate receptor antagonists alone. Starting 7-10 days after the last pre-exposure injection, rats were trained to self-administer cocaine (0.3 mg/kg/infusion) and then tested under a progressive ratio (PR) schedule of reinforcement for 6 consecutive days. As reported previously, VTA AMPH pre-exposed rats worked more and obtained more infusions of cocaine than saline pre-exposed animals. Coadministration of CPP, CNQX, or MCPG with AMPH during pre-exposure dose-dependently blocked this enhancement of cocaine self-administration. Rats pre-exposed to the glutamate receptor antagonists alone did not differ on the test days from the saline pre-exposed controls. These results indicate that, in a manner paralleling the induction of sensitization of the locomotor stimulating effects of AMPH, activation of NMDA, AMPA/kainate, and mGlu receptors during pre-exposure to AMPH in the VTA is necessary for the enhancement of cocaine self-administration to develop.

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“…Amphetamine and cocaine activate intracellular signaling pathways in the VTA that cause downstream changes in protein phosphorylation and gene expression (White and Kalivas, 1998;Wolf, 1998;Licata and Pierce, 2003). In addition to the pivotal role of Ca 2ϩ signaling via the NMDA subtype of the glutamate receptor, Ca 2ϩ influx via voltage-gated L-type Ca 2ϩ channels (LTCCs) is necessary for psychostimulant-induced behavioral and neurochemical changes (Karler et al, 1991;Pani et al, 1991;Kuzmin et al, 1992;Suzuki et al, 1992;Martellotta et al, 1994;Pierce and Kalivas, 1997;Pierce et al, 1998;Licata et al, 2000Licata et al, , 2001Pliakas and Carlezon, 2001). However, their respective contribution to psychostimulant-induced changes remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L-Type Ca²⁺Channels Mediate Adaptation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 Phosphorylation in the Ventral Tegmental Area after Chronic Amphetamine Treatment

Rajadhyaksha¹,

Husson²,

Satpute³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

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Calcium channel blockers and behavioral sensitization

Cited by 61 publications

References 8 publications

Role for D-Serine within the Ventral Tegmental Area in the Development of Cocaine's Sensitization

Role for D-Serine within the Ventral Tegmental Area in the Development of Cocaine's Sensitization

Previous Exposure to VTA Amphetamine Enhances Cocaine Self-Administration under a Progressive Ratio Schedule in an NMDA, AMPA/Kainate, and Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor-Dependent Manner

L-Type Ca²⁺Channels Mediate Adaptation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 Phosphorylation in the Ventral Tegmental Area after Chronic Amphetamine Treatment

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Calcium channel blockers and behavioral sensitization

Cited by 61 publications

References 8 publications

Role for D-Serine within the Ventral Tegmental Area in the Development of Cocaine's Sensitization

Role for D-Serine within the Ventral Tegmental Area in the Development of Cocaine's Sensitization

Previous Exposure to VTA Amphetamine Enhances Cocaine Self-Administration under a Progressive Ratio Schedule in an NMDA, AMPA/Kainate, and Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor-Dependent Manner

L-Type Ca2+Channels Mediate Adaptation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 Phosphorylation in the Ventral Tegmental Area after Chronic Amphetamine Treatment

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L-Type Ca²⁺Channels Mediate Adaptation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 Phosphorylation in the Ventral Tegmental Area after Chronic Amphetamine Treatment