“…They can be divided into homopolysaccharides (composed of single monosaccharides, such as starch and cellulose) and heteropolysaccharides (composed of different monosaccharides, i.e., mucopolysaccharide). The physical characteristics of polysaccharides suggest distinct structural and physicochemical features, including chemical composition, degree of polymerization, number of branches, and surface charge, which are advantageous for designing drug carrier systems with adjustable characteristics in terms of drug loading content, release capacity, and biodistribution ( Bernd et al, 2004 ; Furlani et al, 2019 ; Jin et al, 2020 ; Soliman et al, 2020 ). Compared with synthetic nanocarriers, polysaccharide-based nanomaterials exhibit a better performance in terms of drug retention and ocular permeability via the interpenetration of mucin chains, both directly and indirectly ( Servais et al, 2018 ; George and Suchithra, 2019 ; Pathak, 2019 ).…”