Calcium-dependent regulation of glucose homeostasis in the liver

Differential Regulation of Multiple Steps in Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Signaling by Protein Kinase C Shapes Hormone-stimulated Ca2+ Oscillations

“…A characteristic of hormone-induced Ca 2ϩ oscillations is that although the frequency increases with agonist dose, Ca 2ϩ spike kinetics, including amplitude, rate of rise, and peak width are constant for all agonist doses (1,5,6,9). By contrast, photorelease of caged IP 3 resulted in Ca 2ϩ peak heights and widths that increased with stimulus strength (Fig.…”

“…The Ca 2ϩ oscillation frequency increases with agonist concentration in hepatocytes (1,5,6), but the individual Ca 2ϩ spikes have a constant amplitude and rate of rise and propagate as intracellular Ca 2ϩ waves at a constant velocity independent of agonist dose. Nevertheless, the falling phase of the [Ca 2ϩ ] spikes shows greater diversity (1,6), and different agonists can…”

“…Nevertheless, the falling phase of the [Ca 2ϩ ] spikes shows greater diversity (1,6), and different agonists can…”

Thioesterase-mediated control of cellular calcium homeostasis enables hepatic ER stress

“…The role of calcium-dependent signaling pathways in the activation of hepatic glucose production has been well characterized (49). These effects likely contributed to the reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis observed in Them2 -/-and Pctp -/-mice (15,17), as well as in primary hepatocyte cultures (19).…”

Glucagon: acute actions on hepatic metabolism

“…One of the ways in which glucagon stimulates mitochondrial respiration is through increased intracellular and mitochondrial calcium levels [39][40][41]. This is accomplished by both enhanced cellular calcium uptake and release of intracellular calcium stores from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).…”