Calcium in the Treatment of Osteoporosis

Heaney, Robert P.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-415853-5.00072-8

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Vitamin D is essential for musculoskeletal health, and there is a consensus that serum concentrations should be at least 25 nmol/L to prevent detrimental effects on bone [1,2,3]. The present cross-sectional analysis of healthy adult women showed that amongst Brazilian women living in England, all participants presented a normal radial z-score.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Calcium and vitamin D are essential nutrients with a major role in bone health. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and is essential to functions related to vascular contraction, muscle function, nerve transmission, intracellular signaling, and hormonal secretion [1,2]. Bone acts as the calcium reservoir to maintain constant calcium homeostasis, with around 99% of the organism’s calcium supply stored in the bones and teeth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An extensive amount of human evidence supports the contribution of calcium for bone homeostatic regulation and treatment of osteoporosis. Observational studies as well as randomized controlled trials have generally shown that higher calcium and vitamin D intakes (either from food or supplementation), compared to lower intakes, may have significant benefits to bone health and reduce the risk of osteoporosis [1,7,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone, Vitamin D and Calcium Intake, and Bone Density in Healthy Adult Women: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the D-SOL Study

et al. 2019

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There is still limited data on the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and bone health in healthy younger adults, particularly in Latin America. This cross-sectional analysis aimed to investigate the associations of 25(OH)D and plasma PTH concentrations with bone parameters, and potential confounders, in women living in a high (England) or low (Brazil) latitude country. Bone was assessed by either peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) (England) or dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan (Brazil), serum 25(OH)D concentrations by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and PTH by the chemiluminescent method. In participants living in England, total volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) was significantly higher in women <29 years compared to ≥30 years, and total and cortical vBMD values at the 66% site were negatively correlated with weight and body mass index (BMI). In participants living in Brazil, age was positively correlated with bone mineral density (BMD) at the femur and bone mineral content (BMC), and weight, BMI, and body fat were correlated with BMD (lumbar spine and femur) and BMC. PTH concentrations were negatively correlated with 25(OH)D concentrations, and the prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism was 28.6% (n = 14) in participants with concentrations <25 nmol/L and 12.2% (n = 41) with concentrations between 25 and 49.9 nmol/L, compared to 6.3% (n = 79) in those with concentrations ≥50 nmol/L. In conclusion, weight and BMI were significantly correlated with bone parameters in both groups and age was significantly correlated with BMD at the femoral neck for women living in Brazil only. Although 25(OH)D concentrations were not correlated to bone parameters at any sites, in either country, PTH concentrations showed a significant correlation with total vBMD at the 66% site for women living in England. Secondary hyperparathyroidism was more common amongst those with deficient and insufficient vitamin D status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone, Vitamin D and Calcium Intake, and Bone Density in Healthy Adult Women: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the D-SOL Study

et al. 2019

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“…It is generally believed that levels of calcium in the diet were much higher in early (pre-agricultural) humans than in most modern populations [11,65]. The role of relatively low levels of dietary calcium in promoting osteoporosis in modern humans is contentious [68], but this may also contribute to the observed differences (e.g. in bone mineral density ageing patterns) between gorillas and modern humans, if gorillas are better nourished in this respect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal ageing in Virunga mountain gorillas

Ruff

Junno

Eckardt

et al. 2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Bone loss and heightened fracture risk are common conditions associated with ageing in modern human populations and have been attributed to both hormonal and other metabolic and behavioural changes. To what extent these age-related trends are specific to modern humans or generally characteristic of natural populations of other taxa is not clear. In this study, we use computed tomography to examine age changes in long bone and vertebral structural properties of 34 wild-adult Virunga mountain gorillas ( Gorilla beringei beringei ) whose skeletons were recovered from natural accumulations. Chronological ages were known or estimated from sample-specific dental wear formulae and ranged between 11 and 43 years. Gorillas show some of the same characteristics of skeletal ageing as modern humans, including endosteal and some periosteal expansion. However, unlike in humans, there is no decline in cortical or trabecular bone density, or in combined geometric-density measures of strength, nor do females show accelerated bone loss later in life. We attribute these differences to the lack of an extended post-reproductive period in gorillas, which provides protection against bone resorption. Increases in age-related fractures (osteoporosis) in modern humans may be a combined effect of an extended lifespan and lower activity levels earlier in life. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Evolution of the primate ageing process'.

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Calcium and vitamin D in the management of osteoporosis

Mendes

Sahni

2021

Marcus and Feldman's Osteoporosis

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Calcium in the Treatment of Osteoporosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

Association between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone, Vitamin D and Calcium Intake, and Bone Density in Healthy Adult Women: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the D-SOL Study

Association between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone, Vitamin D and Calcium Intake, and Bone Density in Healthy Adult Women: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the D-SOL Study

Skeletal ageing in Virunga mountain gorillas

Calcium and vitamin D in the management of osteoporosis

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