Calcium levels increase in the lily stylar transmitting tract after pollination

Zhao, Jie; Yang, Hong-Yuan; Lord, Elizabeth M.

doi:10.1007/s00497-003-0201-9

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Pollination triggers degradation of de-esterified pectins in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the stylar transmitting tissue (Lenartowska et al 2001). This degradation process has been suggested to assist the penetration of pollen tubes through the ECM , but also to provide the pollination induced elevated calcium levels observed in this matrix essential for pollen tube growth (Zhao et al 2004). The release of fewer protons due to the downregulation of NtPPME1 might decrease the activity of these pectin hydrolases, which would result in a stiffer ECM and/or a decrease in the calcium concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Silencing of the tobacco pollen pectin methylesterase NtPPME1 results in retarded in vivo pollen tube growth

Bosch

Hepler

2005

Planta

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Sperm delivery in flowering plants requires extensive pollen tube growth through the female sporophytic tissues of the pistil. The apical cell wall emerges as a central player in the control of pollen tube growth, since it provides strength to withstand the internal turgor pressure, while imparting sufficient plasticity to allow cell wall extension through the incorporation of new membrane and wall material. Within this scenario, pectin methylesterases (PMEs; EC 3.1.1.11) emerge as crucial regulators in determining the mechanical properties of pectins, the major component of the apical pollen tube wall. We previously identified NtPPME1, a pollen specific PME from Nicotiana tabacum. Here we show that silencing of NtPPME1 results in a mild but significant decrease of in vivo pollen tube growth while the overall PME activity in pollen is not significantly affected. Although the precise mechanisms responsible for the observed phenotype are not known, it seems likely that the cell must maintain a closely regulated level of PME activity in order to maintain the equilibrium between strength and plasticity in the apical cell wall. A relatively minor disturbance of this equilibrium, as caused by NtPPME1 silencing, compromises pollen tube growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Silencing of the tobacco pollen pectin methylesterase NtPPME1 results in retarded in vivo pollen tube growth

Bosch

Hepler

2005

Planta

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“…cyt and ultrastructural changes in programmed cell death and also in other cellular signaling as well. Pollination induction of accumulation of loosely bound calcium in the style was reported in Petunia hybrida (Lenartowska et al 1997) and in lily (Zhao et al 2004); however, Ca 2? accumulation in tobacco styles is delayed until 22 h after pollination, demonstrating that pistil maturity occurs after anthesis.…”

Section: Ca 2? Distribution In the Stigmamentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Yu et al (1999) observed many tiny calcium precipitates in the cell wall of the rice style, which has no traditional transmitting tissue. Likewise, Zhao et al (2004) examined Ca 2? accumulation in the lily style and reported that pollination induces an increase in calcium precipitates in the transmitting tissue.…”

Section: Ca 2? Distribution In the Stigmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such phenomena as calcium uptake during pollen germination, post-pollination redistribution of calcium in the response of stigma cells and polarization during pollen germination depend on a ready source of chemically available calcium. Pollination in lily, for example, induces an apparent increase of calcium within the intracellular matrix of the transmitting tissue (Zhao et al 2004). In contrast to in vitro studies, Iwano et al (2004) found that oscillations of intracellular Ca 2?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Distribution of calcium in the stigma and style of tobacco during pollen germination and tube elongation

Chao

Tian

et al. 2009

Sex Plant Reprod

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Potassium antimonate was used to locate loosely bound calcium in the stigma and style of tobacco. The tobacco stigma is wet and covered by a thick layer of glycoprotein exudate at anthesis. The exudate contains abundant vesicles, which are densely labeled with calcium precipitates. When pollen grains arrive at the stigma, become hydrated, and as the pollen swells, Ca(2+) precipitates accumulate at the aperture. Calcium precipitates that accumulate in pollen cytoplasm are initially concentrated within small vacuoles, but as germination proceeds these appear to fuse, forming prominent, densely labeled vesicles that preferentially accumulate near the proximal region of the growing tube. Although the stigma has abundant particles, few calcium precipitates are observed in the transmitting tissue from anthesis to 11 h after pollination. However, at 22 h after pollination, accumulation of calcium increases distally from the stigmatic interface with the transmitting tissue through the length of the style to the ovary. An examination of flowering plants with differing floral biology will be needed to understand the role of loosely bound calcium accumulation and its relationship to tissue-level changes in calcium uptake, maintenance of other calcium pools, including [Ca(2+)](cyt), and in pollen and style maturation during the progamic phase.

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“…Finally, considering the role of calcium in plant development (Hepler, 2005), the involvement of this cation in this adhesion cannot be ruled out as: (1) it is required for in vitro pollen tube growth; (2) it is known to interact with homogalacturonans; and (3) its amount increases in the ECM of the TT after pollination (Zhao et al, 2004) supporting the hypothesis that pollen triggers the changes in the female tissue.…”

Section: Sca-pectin Complexmentioning

confidence: 95%