Calcium looping process simulation based on an advanced thermodynamic model combined with CFD analysis

NOx Emissions from Regenerator of Calcium Looping Process

“…Several models of chemical looping combustion processes can also be found in the literature. Some of them consider the whole CaL system (full-loop), others only the carbonator or calcinier. − However, it is questionable if the results of conventional and oxyfuel FBC can be directly applied for the analysis of the CaL process. One difference is that a part of char formed in the regenerator of the CaL process is transported to the carbonator with recirculating solids, whereas nearly all char (except for carbon in fly ash) is burned in the combustion chamber of FBC .…”

Derivation of rate equations for equilibrium limited gas-solid reactions

“…the steam-iron process and calcium looping) have received an increasing interest in recent decades for different applications (e.g. carbon capture and sequestration 30,31 or utilization, clean H 2 or syngas production 5,32,33 , etc.). They are often based on the idea of exploiting a single reversible gas-solid reaction repeatedly in the same reactor.…”

“…However, process simulation is often performed stepwise, i.e. the reduction and the oxidation reactions are simulated sequentially 34 or they occur in different parts of the reactor 31,35 . There are only two publications in which the forward and reverse reaction direction were modeled simultaneously in the same reactor 36,37 .…”

Experimental and CPFD study of gas–solid flow in a cold pilot calciner

“…in calciners. The studied pilot scale calciners (see [13,14] for riser calciners and [15] for bubbling fluidised bed calciner) are typically part of other p rocess systems (e.g. calcium looping process) and the calciner operational condition is different from that of an ILC in a cement plant.…”