Calcium signaling and transcriptional regulation in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

Luginbuehl, Leonie H.; Oldroyd, Giles

doi:10.1002/9781118951446.ch8

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Thus, AM roots are highly selective to fungal taxa and likely maintain similar rates of colonization in comparable soil environments, despite potential differences in spore abundance, species composition of colonizing AM fungi, or root morphological variability (Johnson, 2010; Lugli et al ., 2020). First, calcium increase (termed ‘spiking’) in root tissues is a chemical hallmark of the molecular signaling pathway in fine root tissues that facilitates symbiotic AM establishment (Kosuta et al ., 2008; Bonfante & Genre, 2010; Luginbuehl & Oldroyd, 2016). Calcium spiking occurs within the nucleus of root cortical cells via increased calcium channel activity, altering root gene expression and stimulating AM hyphal penetration and arbuscule development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root‐associated fungal communities are influenced more by soils than by plant‐host root traits in a Chinese tropical forest

et al. 2023

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Summary Forest fungal communities are shaped by the interactions between host tree root systems and the associated soil conditions. We investigated how the soil environment, root morphological traits, and root chemistry influence root‐inhabiting fungal communities in three tropical forest sites of varying successional status in Xishuangbanna, China. For 150 trees of 66 species, we measured root morphology and tissue chemistry. Tree species identity was confirmed by sequencing rbcL, and root‐associated fungal (RAF) communities were determined using high‐throughput ITS2 sequencing. Using distance‐based redundancy analysis and hierarchical variation partitioning, we quantified the relative importance of two soil variables (site average total phosphorus and available phosphorus), four root traits (dry matter content, tissue density, specific tip abundance, and forks), and three root tissue elemental concentrations (nitrogen, calcium, and manganese) on RAF community dissimilarity. The root and soil environment collectively explained 23% of RAF compositional variation. Soil phosphorus explained 76% of that variation. Twenty fungal taxa differentiated RAF communities among the three sites. Soil phosphorus most strongly affects RAF assemblages in this tropical forest. Variation in root calcium and manganese concentrations and root morphology among tree hosts, principally an architectural trade‐off between dense, highly branched vs less‐dense, herringbone‐type root systems, are important secondary determinants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root‐associated fungal communities are influenced more by soils than by plant‐host root traits in a Chinese tropical forest

et al. 2023

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“…The first and simplest approach to visualising the unseen for a public audience is the sharing of raw research outputs. This can include displaying printed photos or micrographs at public engagement events, such as galleries of stained mycorrhizal fungi shown alongside the host plants (Luginbuehl & Choi, 2017 ), or sharing digital versions on social media platforms (e.g. Paszkowski Group, 2020 ).…”

Section: The Solution: How To Show Off the Invisiblementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also employ activities where people are tasked with sketching mycorrhizal networks between images of plants, and games, where players draw fungal hyphae through mazes and “build” plants to capture sunlight. Another way to get people involved in producing visuals of overlooked species is citizen science, for example the development of a “Mycorrhizal Home‐Kit” (Luginbuehl & Choi, 2017 ) involved people growing plants with and without AM fungi, noting down their observations, sending back the roots for fungal‐staining, and being able to view the resulting micrographs. Where direct contact with the public is not possible, “virtual microscope” programmes and softwares can be employed and online games created (e.g.…”

Section: The Solution: How To Show Off the Invisiblementioning

confidence: 99%

Visualising an invisible symbiosis

McGaley

Paszkowski

2021

Plants People Planet

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Most of life on Earth is invisible to its human inhabitants. This includes the estimated one trillion microbial species that are too small to be resolved by the human visual system (Klotz, 2010;Locey & Lennon, 2016;Mora et al., 2011), the further thousands of macroscopic species that inhabit concealed habitats such as subterranean or underwater (Appeltans et al., 2012;Giller, 1996), and then the perfectly visible species that are simply overlooked, as described by

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“…Discoveries about these plants are increasing at a rapid pace, particularly with Orobanchaceae where physiological, genomic and biochemical work has elucidated the details of host recognition, haustorium formation, and attachment. Only relatively recently have strigolactones been recognized as germination stimulants (Matusova & al., ; Wang & Bouwmeester, ) and these molecules have since gained increased importance not only in parasitic plants but also non‐parasites as they represent a new category of plant growth regulators (Zwanenburg & Blanco‐Ania, ) and participate in the establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizae (Gough & Bécard, ; Luginbuehl & Oldroyd, ). The vast majority of the current literature on parasitic plants involves two genera: Orobanche L. and Striga Lour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitic angiosperms: How often and how many?

Nickrent

2020

TAXON

205

138

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Angiosperms that morphologically and physiologically attach to other flowering plants by means of a haustorium have evolved 12 times independently resulting in 292 genera and ca. 4750 species. Although hemiparasites predominate, holoparasitism has evolved in all but two clades, Cassytha (Lauraceae) and Krameria (Krameriaceae). Santalales contains the largest number of genera (179) and species (2428) among the 12 parasitic plant lineages whereas Orobanchaceae is the largest single family with 102 genera and over 2100 species. This review presents the current state of knowledge on the molecular phylogenetic relationships among all clades of parasitic angiosperms. These methods have been particularly important in revealing the closest non-parasitic relatives of holoparasites, plants that exhibit reduced morphologies, increased substitution rates, and frequent horizontal gene transfers, all of which confound phylogenetics. Although comprehensive molecular phylogenies are still lacking for many of the large genera, nearly complete generic level sampling exists, thus allowing unprecedented understanding of the evolutionary relationships within and among these fascinating plants.

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Calcium signaling and transcriptional regulation in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

Cited by 5 publications

References 88 publications

Root‐associated fungal communities are influenced more by soils than by plant‐host root traits in a Chinese tropical forest

Root‐associated fungal communities are influenced more by soils than by plant‐host root traits in a Chinese tropical forest

Visualising an invisible symbiosis

Parasitic angiosperms: How often and how many?

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