Calcium Supplementation

Whiting, Susan J.; Wood, Richard J.; Kim, Katherine

doi:10.1111/j.1745-7599.1997.tb01232.x

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Daily elemental calcium intake of no more than 2 g is considered safe. 2,77 However, even doses lower than 2 g daily may result in MAS if additional predisposing factors are present. Muldowney and Mazbar 78 described a patient with bulimia who developed MAS by taking about 1.7 g of calcium daily.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk-Alkali Syndrome

Medarov

2009

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

108

113

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Milk-alkali syndrome (MAS) consists of hypercalcemia, various degrees of renal failure, and metabolic alkalosis due to ingestion of large amounts of calcium and absorbable alkali. This syndrome was first identified after medical treatment of peptic ulcer disease with milk and alkali was widely adopted at the beginning of the 20th century. With the introduction of histamine2 blockers and proton pump inhibitors, the occurrence of MAS became rare; however, a resurgence of MAS has been witnessed because of the wide availability and increasing use of calcium carbonate, mostly for osteoporosis prevention. The aim of this review was to determine the incidence, pathogenesis, histologic findings, diagnosis, and clinical course of MAS. A MEDLINE search was performed with the keyword milk-alkali syndrome using the PubMed search engine. All relevant English language articles were reviewed. The exact pathomechanism of MAS remains uncertain, but a unique interplay between hypercalcemia and alkalosis in the kidneys seems to lead to a self-reinforcing cycle, resulting in the clinical picture of MAS. Treatment is supportive and involves hydration and withdrawal of the offending agents. Physicians and the public need to be aware of the potential adverse effects of ingesting excessive amounts of calcium carbonate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk-Alkali Syndrome

Medarov

2009

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

108

113

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“…It would be interesting to compare the effectiveness of Ca supplementation with the treatment with vitamin D analogues in these patient groups. Based on present evidence, chelated Ca 2þ may be safely and effectively ingested by most people at doses generally recommended for treatment or prevention of Ca 2þ -related disorders [20]. Further studies on potential dietary Casensitive targets will provide insight into the molecular rescue mechanisms of dietary Ca supplementation.…”

Section: Is Vitamin D Indispensable?mentioning

confidence: 96%

Is vitamin D indispensable for Ca2+ homeostasis: lessons from knockout mouse models?

Hoenderop

Bindels

2005

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation

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“…2 Much of the elderly population is deficient in this vitamin due to low exposure to sunlight, decreased synthesis of vitamin D 3 by the skin, and low dietary vitamin D. 17 Furthermore, with aging, the intestine shows decreased sensitivity to vitamin D. 2 In the elderly, vitamin D (800 international units [IUs] per day taken orally in addition to calcium supplements) reduced nonvertebral fracture rates. In clinical trials in which vitamin D was taken orally without calcium, no decrease in fracture incidents was 95 May reduce rate of bone loss 1,3 May reduce fracture rate 1 Ameliorates bone loss in later life 95 Possible prevention of colon cancer 3,95 Possible cardiovascular protection 95…”

Section: Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Safety of Bone Remodeling Agents with a Focus on Osteoporosis Therapies

Kleerekoper

Schein

2001

The Journal of Clinical Pharma

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This article reviews the different treatments currently available for osteoporosis and examines the benefits and adverse events that are associated with each. While emphasizing safety considerations, this review summarizes the following treatments for osteoporosis: calcium supplements, fluoride, hormone replacement therapy, raloxifene, bisphosphonates, salmon calcitonin, and calcitriol. Before prescribing any of these agents, the clinician should review the risk/benefit profile of each drug in the context of the individual patient's history, concomitant diseases, concurrent medications, and general physical condition.

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Calcium Supplementation

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Milk-Alkali Syndrome

Milk-Alkali Syndrome

Is vitamin D indispensable for Ca2+ homeostasis: lessons from knockout mouse models?

Comparative Safety of Bone Remodeling Agents with a Focus on Osteoporosis Therapies

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