Calcium supplementation in osteoporosis: useful or harmful?

Chiodini, Iacopo; Bolland, Mark J

doi:10.1530/eje-18-0113

Cited by 71 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…However, sometimes dietary sources are insufficient or poorly tolerated, and, in those situations, pharmacological calcium supplementation could be useful. This is the recommendation of most clinical practice guidelines [4][5][6][7]. However, some authors are critical of this recommendation due to its low efficacy and the possibility of adverse effects [7].…”

Section: Calcium Vitamin D and Dairy Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrients and Dietary Patterns Related to Osteoporosis

2020

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Osteoporosis is a common chronic disease characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density, impaired bone strength, and an increased risk of fragility fractures. Fragility fractures are associated with significant morbidity, mortality and disability and are a major public health problem worldwide. The influence of nutritional factors on the development and progression of this disease can be significant and is not yet well established. Calcium intake and vitamin D status are considered to be essential for bone metabolism homeostasis. However, some recent studies have questioned the usefulness of calcium and vitamin D supplements in decreasing the risk of fractures. The adequate intake of protein, vegetables and other nutrients is also of interest, and recommendations have been established by expert consensus and clinical practice guidelines. It is important to understand the influence of nutrients not only in isolation but also in the context of a dietary pattern, which is a complex mixture of nutrients. In this review, we evaluate the available scientific evidence for the effects of the main dietary patterns on bone health. Although some dietary patterns seem to have beneficial effects, more studies are needed to fully elucidate the true influence of diet on bone fragility.

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Section: Calcium Vitamin D and Dairy Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrients and Dietary Patterns Related to Osteoporosis

2020

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“…Benefits of calcium supplements have been the topic of considerable controversy in recent years with some studies, conducted primarily in elderly subjects, suggesting that their use was harmful to cardiovascular health [ 84 , 85 ]. Postulated biological mechanism underlying this association relates to an increased risk of vascular calcification secondary to the rise of serum calcium following supplement intake.…”

Section: Nutritional Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Requirements of Lung Transplant Recipients: Challenges and Considerations

2018

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An optimal nutritional status is associated with better post-transplant outcomes and survival. Post-lung transplant nutrition management is however particularly challenging as lung recipients represent a very heterogeneous group of patients in terms of age, underlying diseases, weight status and presence of comorbidities. Furthermore, the post-transplant period encompasses several stages characterized by physiological and pathophysiological changes that affect nutritional status of patients and necessitate tailored nutrition management. We provide an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding nutritional requirements in the post-lung transplant period from the immediate post-operative phase to long-term follow-up. In the immediate post-transplantation phase, the high doses of immunosuppressants and corticosteroids, the goal of maintaining hemodynamic stability, the presence of a catabolic state, and the wound healing process increase nutritional demands and lead to metabolic perturbations that necessitate nutritional interventions. As time from transplantation increases, complications such as obesity, osteoporosis, cancer, diabetes, and kidney disease, may develop and require adjustments to nutrition management. Until specific nutritional guidelines for lung recipients are elaborated, recommendations regarding nutrient requirements are formulated to provide guidance for clinicians caring for these patients. Finally, the management of recipients with special considerations is also briefly addressed.

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“…In addition, calcium is plays an essential role in the muscle physiology and skeletal-muscle interaction. Hence, adequate calcium levels are important for both the bones and muscles [35]. In the present study, the higher severity of fracture in patients with low vitamin D and calcium levels is a result of the combined effects of vitamin D and calcium on both bones and muscle metabolism.…”

Section: Correlation Between Variablesmentioning

confidence: 55%

Association of Serum Vitamin D and Calcium Levels With the Severity of Intertrochanteric Fractures in the Elderly: A Retrospective Study

Hwang

Kim³

2020

Preprint

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Background: Femur intertrochanteric fractures can be classified into stable and unstable fractures according to their severity. Postoperative complications and mortality were more common in patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures. However, there has been little effort to evaluate the risk factors of the two fracture types. This study aimed to identify the possible differences in demographic and clinical characteristics of older patients with different types of intertrochanteric fractures.Methods: The medical records of patients aged ≥60 years who presented with intertrochanteric fractures from June 2018 to March 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Fifty-seven patients were enrolled and divided into two groups according to severity: stable (21 patients) and unstable (36 patients). Demographic data, body mass index (BMI), ambulatory ability prior to fracture, pre-fracture residence, season at fracture, bone mineral density (BMD), and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], osteocalcin, and calcium levels were compared between the two groups. Additionally, we analyzed the correlation among variables.Results: The stable group had significantly higher serum 25(OH)D and calcium levels than the unstable group (p = 0.010, p = 0.019). There were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in age, sex, height, weight, BMI, ambulatory ability prior to fracture, pre-fracture residence, season at fracture, BMD, and serum osteocalcin level between the two groups. In addition, serum 25(OH)D and calcium levels were not correlated with any of the variables in all patients.Conclusion: Low vitamin D and calcium levels are associated with unstable intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients. Maintaining adequate vitamin D and calcium levels could avoid an increase in the severity of intertrochanteric fractures.

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Calcium supplementation in osteoporosis: useful or harmful?

Cited by 71 publications

References 106 publications

Nutrients and Dietary Patterns Related to Osteoporosis

Nutrients and Dietary Patterns Related to Osteoporosis

Nutritional Requirements of Lung Transplant Recipients: Challenges and Considerations

Association of Serum Vitamin D and Calcium Levels With the Severity of Intertrochanteric Fractures in the Elderly: A Retrospective Study

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