Calcium to phosphate ratio measurements in calcium phosphates using LIBS

Tariq, Usman; Haider, Zuhaib; Chaudhary, Kashif; Hussain, Rafaqat; Ali, J.

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1027/1/012015

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…As shown in Figure 3 , the EDX analysis shows evidence of phosphorus, oxygen, and calcium in the hydroxyapatite. In addition, the presented spectrum shows the calcium/phosphorus atomic ratio (Ca/P) of the synthesized nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) to be 1.72, which is very close to the Ca/P ratio of the natural hydroxyapatite in human bone (2.15) [ 43 , 44 ] and to the stoichiometric ratios of Ca and P in synthetic hydroxyapatite (1.667) [ 45 ]. The calcium-to-phosphate ratio affects the mechanical properties of the biomaterials and any change in the stoichiometric ratio may lead to an alteration in the mechanical properties of the material [ 45 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Unmodified Gum Arabic/Chitosan/Nanohydroxyapatite Nanocomposite Hydrogels as Potential Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

et al. 2022

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In this work, physical cross-linking was used to create nanocomposite hydrogels composed of unmodified gum arabic (GA), chitosan (Ch), and natural nanohydroxyapatite (nHA), using an acrylic acid (AA) solvent. Different GA/chitosan contents (15%, 25%, and 35% of the used AA) as well as different nHA contents (2, 5, and 10 wt.%), were used and studied. The natural nHA and the fabricated GA/Ch/nHA nanocomposite hydrogels were characterized using different analysis techniques. Using acrylic acid solvent produced novel hydrogels with compressive strength of 15.43–22.20 MPa which is similar to that of natural cortical bone. The addition of natural nHA to the hydrogels resulted in a significant improvement in the compressive strength of the fabricated hydrogels. In vitro studies of water absorption and degradation—and in vivo studies—confirmed that the nanocomposite hydrogels described here are biodegradable, biocompatible, and facilitate apatite formation while immersed in the simulated body fluid (SBF). In light of these findings, the GA/Ch/nHA nanocomposite hydrogels are recommended for preparing bioactive nanoscaffolds for testing in bone regeneration applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Figure 6 a shows vibration bands characteristic of hydroxyapatite [ 45 ]. These bands appear at 3450 and 633 cm −1 , which can be attributed to the stretching and vibration modes, respectively, of hydrogen-bond OH groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unmodified Gum Arabic/Chitosan/Nanohydroxyapatite Nanocomposite Hydrogels as Potential Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

et al. 2022

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“…Typically, the presence of Mg constituent is a significant factor in bone and teeth growth [ 8 ]. Hydroxyapatite is a type of calcium phosphate ceramic which is classified by calcium/phosphorus atomic ratio (Ca/P); for example, hydroxyapatite

, HAp, Ca/P = 1.667) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-

, β-TCP, Ca/P = 1.5) [ 36 ]. The Ca/P has illustrated the molar ratio from nHAp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-Hydroxyapatite from White Seabass Scales as a Bio-Filler in Polylactic Acid Biocomposite: Preparation and Characterization

et al. 2022

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Nano−hydroxyapatite (nHAp) as a bio−filler used in PLA composites was prepared from fish by acid deproteinization (1DP) and a combination of acid−alkali deproteinization (2DP) followed by alkali heat treatment. Moreover, the PLA/nHAp composite films were developed using solution casting method. The mechanical and thermal properties of the PLA composite films with nHAp from different steps deproteinization and contents were compared. The physical properties analysis confirmed that the nHAp can be prepared from fish scales using both steps deproteinization. 1DP−nHAp showed higher surface area and lower crystallinity than 2DP−nHAp. This gave advantage of 1DP−nHAp for use as filler. PLA composite with 1DP−nHAp gave tensile strength of 66.41 ± 3.63 MPa and Young’s modulus of 2.65 ± 0.05 GPa which were higher than 2DP−nHAp at the same content. The addition of 5 phr 1DP−nHAp into PLA significantly improved the tensile strength and Young’s modulus. PLA composite solution with 1DP−nHAp at 5 phr showed electrospinnability by giving continuous fibers without beads.

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“…CaP ceramics are usually described by their Ca/P atomic ratio [42]. As previously mentioned, stoichiometric HA has Ca:P ratio of 1.67 [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct monitoring of single-cell response to biomaterials by Raman spectroscopy

McIvor

Sharma

Birt

et al. 2021

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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There is continued focus on the development of new biomaterials and associated biological testing methods needed to reduce the time taken for their entry to clinical use. The application of Raman spectroscopy to the study of individual cells that have been in contact with biomaterials offers enhanced in vitro information in a potentially non-destructive testing regime. The work presented here reports the Raman spectral analysis of discreet U-2 OS bone cells after exposure to hydroxyapatite (HA) coated titanium (Ti) substrates in both the as-deposited and thermally annealed states. These data show that cells that were in contact with the bioactive HA surface for 7 days had spectral markers similar to those cultured on the Ti substrate control for the same period. However, the spectral features for those cells that were in contact with the annealed HA surface had indicators of significant differentiation at day 21 while cells on the as-deposited surface did not show these Raman changes until day 28. The cells adhered to pristine Ti control surface showed no spectral changes at any of the timepoints studied. The validity of these spectroscopic results has been confirmed using data from standard in vitro cell viability, adhesion, and proliferation assays over the same 28-day culture period. In this case, cell maturation was evidenced by the formation of natural bone apatite, which precipitated intracellularly for cells exposed to both types of HA-coated Ti at 21 and 28 days, respectively. The properties of the intracellular apatite were markedly different from that of the synthetic HA used to coat the Ti substrate with an average particle size of 230 nm, a crystalline-like shape and Ca/P ratio of 1.63 ± 0.5 as determined by SEM-EDX analysis. By comparison, the synthetic HA particles used as a control had an average size of 372 nm and were more-rounded in shape with a Ca/P ratio of 0.8 by XPS analysis and 1.28 by SEM-EDX analysis. This study shows that Raman spectroscopy can be employed to monitor single U-2 OS cell response to biomaterials that promote cell maturation towards de novo bone thereby offering a label-free in vitro testing method that allows for non-destructive analyses.

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Calcium to phosphate ratio measurements in calcium phosphates using LIBS

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Unmodified Gum Arabic/Chitosan/Nanohydroxyapatite Nanocomposite Hydrogels as Potential Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

Unmodified Gum Arabic/Chitosan/Nanohydroxyapatite Nanocomposite Hydrogels as Potential Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

Nano-Hydroxyapatite from White Seabass Scales as a Bio-Filler in Polylactic Acid Biocomposite: Preparation and Characterization

Direct monitoring of single-cell response to biomaterials by Raman spectroscopy

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