Calculate The Resonance Angle of Surface Plasmon Resonance Gold film Configured with Kretschmann

Abstract

The current work includes measurements of the resonance angle and reflectance for p-polarization of the electric field by using the Fresnel equation at a given length. Gold's surface plasmon wave can be seen at the metal-to-air boundary. We try to determine the greatest (SPR) angle for a metal thin layer that is most suitable for the surface plasmon excitation while stimulated by a laser. SPR was performed of a single film of gold placed on a glass prism; there are SPR modes in this structure, which match the surface plasmon. We also suggest that the SPR mode associated with the Au surface, which is extremely sensitive to changes in the surrounding environment, particularly (dielectric). A few considerations to be taken into account to attain the SPR, like the incident angle of light rays addressed and analyzed for the purpose of finding the essential value for the plasmon to be emerge; the gold/air resonance angle. Furthermore, we can compare our result with other work, which was performed by using the Finite-Element-Method (FEM), the simulation is done by FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain) software. SPR was applied in a variety of domains, containing biomedicine science, optics, biomedicine, photo-thermal plasmon, and health.

Study the Effect of Doping and Thickness on I-V characteristic of Silicon Solar Cells Using PC1D Simulation

“…Excessive doping, on the other hand, degrades the material's quality to the point that carriers recombine before reaching the junction. Eventually there is a strong relation between current and doping this relation is shown in Figure (4). The n-type doping concentration is steadily increased from (10 15 𝑡𝑜 10 19 𝑐𝑚 −3 ), and the current and voltage increase gradually as well.…”

“…The external quantum efficiency, fill factor, and efficiency have been investigated. That discovered that the highest external Quantum efficiency was achieved at the low thickness n-type layer, shown Figure (5) and Table (4). According to Figure (5), increasing thickness does not continuously generate more efficiency.…”

“…The solar cell designed with some basic parameters; the device area is (10 cm 2 ), and this study concentrated on a handful of factors such as thickness and doping concentration to see how they affect the I-V characteristics of silicon solar energy, other basic factors are fixed inside this inquiry, as demonstrated in the section below. This work included a thorough description of a front layer solar cell based on PC1D simulations [3][4][5]. The typical obstacles to providing electric energy are as follows: first, a very big geographical area is required in order to deploy high-efficiency solar cells; second, energy loss due to heat; and third, other energy sources, except for solar cells, are harmful to the environment.…”