Calculated and measured values of liquid water content in clean and polluted environments

Fišák, Jaroslav; Řezáčová, Daniela; Mattanen, Jyrki

doi:10.1007/s11200-006-0006-z

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The prediction of fog onset however remains difficult despite the progress in numerical weather prediction. Few studies have attempted to describe the fog environment in terms of appropriate boundary layer temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction, as well as near-surface radiative cooling profiles, advection currents, and characteristics of the underlying surface [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multirule Based Diagnostic Approach for the Fog Predictions Using WRF Modelling Tool

Payra

Mohan

2014

Advances in Meteorology

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The prediction of fog onset remains difficult despite the progress in numerical weather prediction. It is a complex process and requires adequate representation of the local perturbations in weather prediction models. It mainly depends upon microphysical and mesoscale processes that act within the boundary layer. This study utilizes a multirule based diagnostic (MRD) approach using postprocessing of the model simulations for fog predictions. The empiricism involved in this approach is mainly to bridge the gap between mesoscale and microscale variables, which are related to mechanism of the fog formation. Fog occurrence is a common phenomenon during winter season over Delhi, India, with the passage of the western disturbances across northwestern part of the country accompanied with significant amount of moisture. This study implements the above cited approach for the prediction of occurrences of fog and its onset time over Delhi. For this purpose, a high resolution weather research and forecasting (WRF) model is used for fog simulations. The study involves depiction of model validation and postprocessing of the model simulations for MRD approach and its subsequent application to fog predictions. Through this approach model identified foggy and nonfoggy days successfully 94% of the time. Further, the onset of fog events is well captured within an accuracy of 30–90 minutes. This study demonstrates that the multirule based postprocessing approach is a useful and highly promising tool in improving the fog predictions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multirule Based Diagnostic Approach for the Fog Predictions Using WRF Modelling Tool

Payra

Mohan

2014

Advances in Meteorology

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“…The latter represents the distance at which the light intensity from an object drops to 2% of its initial value. For a non-polluted environment, one can link two aforementioned quantities as [57]…”

Section: Weather Induced Losses Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of microwave quantum key distribution in open-air

Fesquet¹,

Kronowetter²,

Renger³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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One of the cornerstones of quantum communication is the unconditionally secure distribution of classical keys between remote parties. This key feature of quantum technology is based on the quantum properties of propagating electromagnetic waves, such as entanglement, or the no-cloning theorem. However, these quantum resources are known to be susceptible to noise and losses, which are omnipresent in open-air communication scenarios. In this work, we theoretically investigate the perspectives of continuous-variable open-air quantum key distribution at microwave frequencies. In particular, we present a model describing the coupling of propagating microwaves with a noisy environment. Using a protocol based on displaced squeezed states, we demonstrate that continuous-variable quantum key distribution with propagating microwaves can be unconditionally secure at room temperature up to distances of around 200 meters. Moreover, we show that microwaves can potentially outperform conventional quantum key distribution at telecom wavelength at imperfect weather conditions.

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“…We We also adapted a simple regression fog model to determine LWC (g m -3 ) using visibility measurements (Kunkel et al, 1983; 245 Fišak et al, 2006)…”

Section: Lwc Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercomparison of holographic imaging and single-particle forward light scattering in-situ measurements of liquid clouds in changing atmospheric conditions

Tiitta

Leskinen

Kaikkonen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Upon a new measurement technique, it is possible to sharpen the determination of microphysical properties of cloud droplets using high resolving power imaging. The shape, size, and position of each particle inside a well-defined, three-dimensional sample volume can be measured with holographic methods without assumptions of particle properties. In-situ cloud measurements were carried out at the Puijo station in Kuopio, Finland, focusing on intercomparisons between cloud droplet analysers over the two months on September–November 2020. The novel holographic imaging instrument (ICEMET) was adapted to measure microphysical properties of liquid clouds and these values were compared to parallel measurements of cloud droplet spectrometer (FM-120) and particle measurements using a twin-inlet system. When the intercomparison was carried out during isoaxial sampling, our results showed good agreement in terms of variability between the instruments with the averaged ratios between ICEMET and FM-120 were 0.6 ± 0.2, 1.0 ± 0.5, and 1.2 ± 0.2 for total number concentration (Nd) of droplets, liquid water content (LWC), and median volume diameter (MVD), respectively. This agreement during isoaxial sampling was also confirmed by mutual information and Pearson correlation coefficients. The ICEMET observed liquid water content (LWC) was more reliably than FM-120 (without swivel-head mount), which was verified by comparing the estimated LWC to measured values whereas the twin-inlet DMPS system and FM-120 observations of Nd showed good agreement both in variability and amplitude. Field data revealed that ICEMET can detect small cloud droplets down to 5 μm via geometrical magnification.

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Calculated and measured values of liquid water content in clean and polluted environments

Cited by 20 publications

References 3 publications

Multirule Based Diagnostic Approach for the Fog Predictions Using WRF Modelling Tool

Multirule Based Diagnostic Approach for the Fog Predictions Using WRF Modelling Tool

Perspectives of microwave quantum key distribution in open-air

Intercomparison of holographic imaging and single-particle forward light scattering in-situ measurements of liquid clouds in changing atmospheric conditions

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