Calculated volumes of individual shield volcanoes at the young end of the Hawaiian Ridge

Robinson, Joel E.; Eakins, Barry W.

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.07.033

Cited by 101 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Hawaii is far from any plate boundary, occurs in oceanic lithosphere which is structurally simple compared with most continental lithosphere, and it has a relatively regular time-progressive volcanic chain. The present volcanic production rate at Hawaii is extraordinarily large [Robinson & Eakins, 2006]. No other melting anomaly fits the plume hypothesis so well, and it is questionable whether the hypothesis would have developed at all if Hawaii did not exist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Are ‘hot spots’ hot spots?

Foulger

2012

Journal of Geodynamics

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The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. AbstractThe term 'hot spot' emerged in the 1960's from speculations that Hawaii might have its origins in an unusually hot source region in the mantle. It subsequently become widely used to refer to volcanic regions considered to be anomalous in the then-new plate tectonic paradigm. It carried with it the implication that volcanism a) is emplaced by a single, spatially restricted, mongenetic melt-delivery system, assumed to be a mantle plume, and b) that the source is unusually hot. This model has tended to be assumed a priori to be correct. Nevertheless, there are many geological ways of testing it, and a great deal of work has recently been done to do so. Two fundamental problems challenge this work. First is the difficulty of deciding a 'normal' mantle temperature against which to compare estimates. This is usually taken to be the source temperature of midocean ridge basalts (MORB). However, Earth's surface conduction layer is ~ 200 km thick, and such a norm is not appropriate if the lavas under investigation formed deeper than the 40-50 km source depth of MORB. Second, methods for estimating temperature suffer from ambiguity of interpretation with composition and partial melt, controversy regarding how they should be applied, lack of repeatability between studies using the same data, and insufficient precision to detect the 200-300˚C temperature variations postulated. Available methods include multiple seismological and petrological approaches, modelling bathymetry and topography, and measuring heat flow. Investigations have been carried out in many areas postulated to represent either (hot) plume heads or (hotter) tails. These include sections of the mid-ocean spreading ridge postulated to include ridge-centred plumes, the North Atlantic Igneous Province, Iceland, Hawaii, oceanic plateaus, and high-standing continental areas such as the Hoggar swell. Most volcanic regions that may reasonably be considered anomalous in the simple plate-tectonic paradigm have been built by volcanism distributed throughout hundreds, even thousand of kilometres, and as yet no unequivocal evidence has been produced that any of them have high temperature anomalies compared with average mantle temperature for the same (usually unknown) depth elsewhere. Critical investigation of the genesis processes of 'anomalous' volcanic regions would be encouraged if use of the term 'hot spot' were discontinued in favor of one that does not assume a postulated origin, but is a description of unequivocal, observed char...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Are ‘hot spots’ hot spots?

Foulger

2012

Journal of Geodynamics

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“…The thermochemical plume sustains (i.e., in case A) a volcanic flux of ∼175,000 km 3 /Myr (cf. van Ark and Lin, 2004;Robinson and Eakins, 2006) and supports a hotspot swell of height ∼1 km and width ∼1200 km (cf. Wessel, 1993;Crosby and McKenzie, 2009).…”

Section: Thermochemical Plume Dynamics In the Upper Mantlementioning

confidence: 69%

“…Bathymetry (colors) and contours of shear-wave velocity anomaly (Wolfe et al, 2009) at 200 km depth (1% contour interval for thick contours), two independent datasets, display consistent asymmetry about the island chain and indicate more buoyant asthenosphere southwest than northeast of the island of Hawaii. Triangles show sites of recent (<1 Ma) volcanic activity (Hanyu et al, 2005;Robinson and Eakins, 2006;Dixon et al, 2008). The pink dashed line denotes the location of the cross-section in Fig.…”

Section: E-mail Address: Ballmer@hawaiiedu (Md Ballmer)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Double layering of a thermochemical plume in the upper mantle beneath Hawaii

Ballmer

Ito

Wolfe

et al. 2013

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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“…For comparison, the volumes and lifetimes of Hawaiian shield volcanoes younger than Kaua`i are 9-74 × 10 3 cubic kilo meters [Robinson and Eakins, 2006] and approximately 1.5 million years old [Garcia et al, 2006]. During the 2007 expedition, an area approximately 50% greater than the entire state of Hawaii was surveyed, yielding the fi rst detailed bathymetry and acoustic backscatter maps of Ka`ula and the Middle Bank volcanoes, and confi rming that secondary volcanism is widespread offshore rather than focused on the islands.…”

Section: Seafloor Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widespread Secondary Volcanism Near Northern Hawaiian Islands

Garcia¹,

Ito²,

Weis³

et al. 2008

EoS Transactions

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Hot spot theory provides a key framework for understanding the motion of the tectonic plates, mantle convection and composition, and magma genesis. The age‐progressive volcanism that constructs many chains of islands throughout the world's ocean basins is essential to hot spot theory. In contrast, secondary volcanism, which follows the main edifice building stage of volcanism in many chains including the Hawaii, Samoa, Canary, Mauritius, and Kerguelen islands, is not predicted by hot spot theory. Hawaiian secondary volcanism occurs hundreds of kilometers away from, and more than 1 million years after, the end of the main shield volcanism, which has generated more than 99% of the volume of the volcano's mass [Macdonald et al., 1983; Ozawa et al., 2005]. Diamond Head, in Honolulu, is the first and classic example of secondary volcanism.

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Calculated volumes of individual shield volcanoes at the young end of the Hawaiian Ridge

Cited by 101 publications

References 25 publications

Are ‘hot spots’ hot spots?

Are ‘hot spots’ hot spots?

Double layering of a thermochemical plume in the upper mantle beneath Hawaii

Widespread Secondary Volcanism Near Northern Hawaiian Islands

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