Calculating Frequency of Occurrence of ASL handshapes

Henner, Jonathan; Geer, Leah C.; Lillo‐Martin, Diane

doi:10.3765/exabs.v0i0.764

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Estimates based on the Stokoe system (Stokoe et al, 1965) have found that handshapes that select all four fingers (B, A, C, and 5) are among the most frequent, followed by those that select the index finger (G, X, L); those that select other fingers are less common (Klima & Bellugi, 1979; Henner, Geer, & Lillo Martin, 2013). Focusing only on single selected fingers, Ann (1996) also found that for both ASL and Taiwanese Sign Language, the index finger was used more than the thumb, followed closely by the pinky finger.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of these patterns are reflected in our data on selected fingers (Figure 3, top left panel). The most common handshapes in the Stokoe system use fully extended flexion positions, with other positions being less common (Klima & Bellugi, 1979; Henner, Geer, & Lillo Martin, 2013). This too is reflected in our flexion counts (Figure 3, bottom left panel) where signs with fully extended flexion account for 49% of the database.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ASL-LEX: A lexical database of American Sign Language

et al. 2016

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ASL-LEX is a lexical database that catalogues information about nearly 1,000 signs in American Sign Language (ASL). It includes the following information: subjective frequency ratings from 25–31 deaf signers, iconicity ratings from 21–37 hearing non-signers, videoclip duration, sign length (onset and offset), grammatical class, and whether the sign is initialized, a fingerspelled loan sign or a compound. Information about English translations is available for a subset of signs (e.g., alternate translations, translation consistency). In addition, phonological properties (sign type, selected fingers, flexion, major and minor location, and movement) were coded and used to generate sub-lexical frequency and neighborhood density estimates. ASL-LEX is intended for use by researchers, educators, and students who are interested in the properties of the ASL lexicon. An interactive website where the database can be browsed and downloaded is available at http://asl-lex.org.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ASL-LEX: A lexical database of American Sign Language

et al. 2016

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“…While ASL phonology is widely studied, only a few studies have investigated phonotactic probabilities and the phonotactic constraints on the formation of ASL signs ( Ann, 1996 ; Henner, Geer, & Lillo-Martin, 2013 ). Phonotactic probability is the frequency with which a phonological feature or combinations of features occur in the lexicon.…”

Section: Major Properties Of Signs In Asl-lex 20mentioning

confidence: 99%

The ASL-LEX 2.0 Project: A Database of Lexical and Phonological Properties for 2,723 Signs in American Sign Language

Sehyr

Caselli

Cohen-Goldberg

et al. 2021

The Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education

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ASL-LEX is a publicly available, large-scale lexical database for American Sign Language (ASL). We report on the expanded database (ASL-LEX 2.0) that contains 2,723 ASL signs. For each sign, ASL-LEX now includes a more detailed phonological description, phonological density and complexity measures, frequency ratings (from deaf signers), iconicity ratings (from hearing non-signers and deaf signers), transparency (“guessability”) ratings (from non-signers), sign and videoclip durations, lexical class, and more. We document the steps used to create ASL-LEX 2.0 and describe the distributional characteristics for sign properties across the lexicon and examine the relationships among lexical and phonological properties of signs. Correlation analyses revealed that frequent signs were less iconic and phonologically simpler than infrequent signs and iconic signs tended to be phonologically simpler than less iconic signs. The complete ASL-LEX dataset and supplementary materials are available at https://osf.io/zpha4/ and an interactive visualization of the entire lexicon can be accessed on the ASL-LEX page: http://asl-lex.org/.

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“…We also leave out F‐, which has only two fingers that are [+contact]—but behaves more like a surface‐drawing handshape (which typically has all five digits in the same position—extended or flexed, spread or not). This might seem a regrettable omission, since the use of F‐, while infrequent in the frozen lexicon (Henner, Geer, & Lillo‐Martin, 2013), is common in conversation as a classifier. However, we found only one (distinct) lexical sign that used it in drawing.…”

Section: Dictionary Study Of Aslmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations Between Handshape and Movement in Sign Languages

Napoli

Ferrara²

2021

Cognitive Science

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Sign language phonological parameters are somewhat analogous to phonemes in spoken language. Unlike phonemes, however, there is little linguistic literature arguing that these parameters interact at the sublexical level. This situation raises the question of whether such interaction in spoken language phonology is an artifact of the modality or whether sign language phonology has not been approached in a way that allows one to recognize sublexical parameter interaction. We present three studies in favor of the latter alternative: a shape-drawing study with deaf signers from six countries, an online dictionary study of American Sign Language, and a study of selected lexical items across 34 sign languages. These studies show that, once iconicity is considered, handshape and movement parameters interact at the sublexical level. Thus, consideration of iconicity makes transparent similarities in grammar across both modalities, allowing us to maintain certain key findings of phonological theory as evidence of cognitive architecture.

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Calculating Frequency of Occurrence of ASL handshapes

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

ASL-LEX: A lexical database of American Sign Language

ASL-LEX: A lexical database of American Sign Language

The ASL-LEX 2.0 Project: A Database of Lexical and Phonological Properties for 2,723 Signs in American Sign Language

Correlations Between Handshape and Movement in Sign Languages

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