Calculating Neutral Increases in Retirement Age by Socioeconomic Status

Abstract

This paper is released to inform interested parties of research and to encourage discussion. Any views expressed on statistical, methodological, technical, or operational issues are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the U.S. Census Bureau.

The Distribution of Time in Retirement: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Survey

“…Education and DB is likely correlated with access to retirement time that is free of ADL limitations. And, the factors that determine the distribution of retirement income may also affect access to healthy retirement time, something we can not investigate with this sample Wolff (2007), Economic Policy Institute (Morrissey, 2016;Sanzenbacher, Webb, Cosgrove, & Orlova, 2015) have documented the growth in retirement income inequality.…”

Investing for Retirement in a Low Returns Environment

“…Yet a uniform increase in the minimum retirement age risks may be seen as unfair to low earners who have lower average life expectancies and likely to be employed in professions where extending the work life is challenging (Belbase et al 2016). Many low earners also start their working careers earlier than those with higher levels of education, so asking everyone to extend their working lives could be seen as inequitable (Sanzenbacher et al 2015). One answer might be to link the minimum eligibility for retirement benefits to years of work rather than age; as many low earners start work earlier than their college-educated contemporaries, the former would then qualify for retirement benefits at young age.…”

Pension Participation, Wealth, and Income: 1992-2010

“…The process used to reassign the educational attainments of household heads is designed so that an equal number of heads in each birth cohort falls into each quartile. For a detailed description, see Sanzenbacher et al (2015).…”