Calculating real-world travel routes instead of straight-line distance in the community response to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

A roadmap to building first responder networks: Lessons learned and best practices from Belgium and Switzerland

“…In Ticino, the vast majority (85%) of FRs reached the OHCA victim by car or by bicycle. 19 Extensive travel guidance and the fact that responders may feasibly travel faster than walking speed, eventually by other travel modalities, or via (unmapped) short-cuts 30 may account for the acceptance of prolonged distances. Ticino Cuore app prioritizes the FRs to deliver CPR rather than the AED retrieval; however, each FR may discretionally choose to retrieve an AED.…”

Access to automated external defibrillators and first responders: Associations with socioeconomic factors and income inequality at small spatial scales

“…19 District factors considered were: 2017 economic level (average income tax per capita) 22 ; 2020 income inequality level (Gini coefficient on a scale ranging from zero (perfect equality) to one (maximum inequality)) 23 ; 2020 low educational attainment level (percentage of individuals aged ≥ 25 years with a low level of education according to the International Standard Classification of Education (levels 0–2)). 18 Regional reports from the Berlin Senate Department for Urban Development 19 and the Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office 23 as well as a response from the Berlin Senate Department for Finances 22 were the data sources.…”

“…The 2021 ERC guidelines recommend two AEDs and at least 10 volunteer first responders per km 2 for early access to resuscitation resources, 15 given the improved public’s capability by app- or text-based alert systems to promptly summon volunteer first responders in the event of suspected OHCAs. 16 , 17 , 18 This interconnected system-level approach strives to ensure equal access to resuscitation resources across entire areas and emphasize the necessity of rectifying disparities in AED and first responder availability. However, no prior study has examined access to AEDs and first responders based on the 2021 ERC guidelines or investigated their associations with socioeconomic factors and income inequality.…”

Cardiac interventions in Wales: A comparison of benefits between NHS Wales specialties

“…Cost profiling within particular areas would inform cost-effectiveness, as high-cost models may deliver better value than low-cost models in certain areas of health [5]. Area clusters would also be of interest, where geographical and population density may influence ease of access to health services, as seen in other studies [6,7]. Varying disease burden and reporting of disease may factor amongst different deprivation levels [8], and patients with higher comorbidity are likely to feature in excess events.…”