Calculation Method of Specific Surface Area of Foam Metal Based on an Ideal Tetradecahedron Model for Lithium Ion Battery

Chen, Jian; Zhang, Xiao; Li, Cong; Zhang, Mengjie; Ren, Yongmao; He, Jiahong; Chen, Jianlin

doi:10.1155/2020/2478579

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…More accurate models can be found in literature data for calculation of the geometric surface of metal foams but we will keep A g = 40 cm 2 cm −3 as the order of magnitude for the present study. 18 Thus, the geometric surface area of a piece of nickel foam electrode can be calculated by the following equation:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods—On the Reliability of the Electrochemical Data Recorded on Nickel Foam in Alkaline Solution: The Illusive Surface Oxide Layer

Malaie

Heydari²,

Brousse

2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The extensive application of nickel foam (Ni foam) as current collector in supercapacitors has raised caveats on the contribution of the redox-active Ni foam to the measured capacities. However, due to the overlooked qualitative features (i.e., shapes) of the cyclic voltammograms (CVs), the redox reaction of the Ni foam oxide layer (NiFOL) has been frequently confused with the true electrochemical signature of the coated materials in alkaline solution. Herein, experimental CVs, scanning electron microscopy images, and estimations reveal that due to the high porosity of the Ni foam and its surface reactivity in alkaline solution (1-6 M KOH), the redox peak couple of the NiFOL can potentially be confused with or lead to misinterpretation of the true electrochemical features of the coatings. A classification of previous papers on a group of metal oxides investigated as battery-type or pseudocapacitive electrodes in the positive potential window is also presented to reveal the confusion between NiFOL and the coating when operated in alkaline solution.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods—On the Reliability of the Electrochemical Data Recorded on Nickel Foam in Alkaline Solution: The Illusive Surface Oxide Layer

Malaie

Heydari²,

Brousse

2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…In 2019, Zhang et al [66] reported a record activity value for the diyne-linked triethnylbenzene polymer 12 as nanofibers formed in situ on a Cu foam substrate, namely 1.09 mA cm −2 , which is more than 100-times greater than the previously reported values at 0 V versus RHE when irradiated under 1-sun conditions. (Specific surface area of the Cu foam is >10 2 cm 2 cm −3 , [67] the reported current density per the cathode flat surface could be re-estimated).…”

Section: Light-enhanced Hydrogen Production With π-Conjugated Polymers: Early Trials Using Conventional Polymers and High-performing Desimentioning

confidence: 97%

Organic π‐Conjugated Polymers as Photocathode Materials for Visible‐Light‐Enhanced Hydrogen and Hydrogen Peroxide Production from Water

Oka

Winther‐Jensen

Nishide

2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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Hydrogen is also regarded to be a critical and indispensable clean fuel for sustainable energy systems because of its extremely high energy density of 142 kJ g −1 (vs 44 kJ g −1 for gasoline) and low pollution emissions. [2] However, hydrogen is presently produced by conversion of hydrocarbons or fossil fuels and is accompanied by enormous energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.Electrolytic water splitting for the production of hydrogen can be achieved using the excess electricity generated by photovoltaics. [3] Hydrogen can be used as fuel locally or reconverted into electrical energy with via fuel cells on demand. However, the energy lost during electrical conversion and chemical reaction is not small; hence, a more direct approach that uses the energy of sunlight to produce hydrogen in an on-site manner is strongly desired.The production of hydrogen through photo(electro)catalytic water-splitting has been extensively investigated using inorganic semiconductors, including metal oxides, such as TiO 2 , Cu 2 O, and Ga 2 O 3 , and chalcogenides such as CdS and CdSe. [4] This research was triggered by TiO 2 -catalyzed water-splitting that evolves oxygen when illuminated and is nowadays the benchmark photocatalyst for photoenergy conversion studies and the photo-oxidations of organic components during water and air purification. [5] While TiO 2 is characterized by a legendary long lifetime of holes to oxidize water, [6] TiO 2 absorbs only in the UV region due to its wide bandgap and is unable to reduce water for hydrogen evolution by itself because of its deep conduction band. Parallel approaches toward visible-light-driven reactions are being developed, including the bandgap engineering of semiconducting inorganics, the coupling of two semiconductors, the incorporation of cocatalysts that facilitate the reaction, and nanostructured particles. [7] In addition, inorganic semiconductors, which are often unstable in aqueous acidic and/ or alkaline solutions, are frequently composed of precious or toxic metals, and the reaction often requires the assistance of a sacrificial reagent or a significant bias voltage. Separating the hydrogen and oxygen gases evolved from the inorganic semiconductor particles suspended in water is also problematic.Photoelectrocatalytic water-splitting has also been studied using pure organic semiconductors as alternatives toThe photo(electro)chemical reduction of water and oxygen to produce hydrogen (water-splitting) and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, are well developed with inorganic semiconductors. In contrast, organic π-conjugated polymers, especially precisely synthesized ones, have been extensively studied as photoharvesting and charge-separating materials in dry photoelectron-conversion devices, such as organic photovoltaic cells. However, the use of conjugated polymers as photocathodes; i.e., photoelectrocalatalytic reduction-active materials in direct contact with aqueous electrolytes, has been less explored. This review describes the fundamentals of the electrochemistry ...

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“…Further, the knowledge of the porosity and the pore size distribution allows for the estimation of the specific surface area as demonstrated in Refs. [84,85]. The total length of the borders and the area of the solid phase were calculated within COMSOL Multiphysics® 5.5 and when these two quantities are divided, the specific surface area is obtained for the investigated slice.…”

Section: Specific Surface Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient X-ray CT-based numerical computations of structural and mass transport properties of nickel foam-based GDLs for PEFCs

Ercelik

Ismail

Ingham

et al. 2023

Energy

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Calculation Method of Specific Surface Area of Foam Metal Based on an Ideal Tetradecahedron Model for Lithium Ion Battery

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Methods—On the Reliability of the Electrochemical Data Recorded on Nickel Foam in Alkaline Solution: The Illusive Surface Oxide Layer

Methods—On the Reliability of the Electrochemical Data Recorded on Nickel Foam in Alkaline Solution: The Illusive Surface Oxide Layer

Organic π‐Conjugated Polymers as Photocathode Materials for Visible‐Light‐Enhanced Hydrogen and Hydrogen Peroxide Production from Water

Efficient X-ray CT-based numerical computations of structural and mass transport properties of nickel foam-based GDLs for PEFCs

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