Calculation of a distribution free estimate of effect size and confidence intervals using VBA/Excel

Goedhart, Joachim

doi:10.1101/073999

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A priori, we decided to report effect sizes, due to concerns about null-hypothesis significance testing in small sample sizes and because p values do not indicate the magnitude of any reported effects [31][32][33]. Cliff's delta was chosen as it has no assumptions on the underlying distribution and performs well for small sample sizes (n>10; (45)). Cliff's delta and associated 95% confidence intervals were calculated using an available Excel macro (45).…”

Section: Each Participant Was Tested Individually Over the Course Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating eating behaviour, energy homeostasis and obesity in childhood onset craniopharyngioma: A feasibility study

Hinton

Lithander

Elsworth

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction: Craniopharyngiomas are rare brain tumours (incidence 1.1-1.7 cases/million/year). Although benign, craniopharyngioma causes major endocrine and visual morbidities including hypothalamic obesity, yet mechanisms leading to obesity are poorly understood. This study investigated the feasibility and acceptability of eating behaviour measures in patients with craniopharyngioma, to inform the design of future trials. Methods: Patients with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma and controls matched for sex, pubertal stage and age were recruited. After an overnight fast, participants received the following measures: body composition, resting metabolic rate, oral-glucose-tolerance-test including MRI (patients only), appetite ratings, eating behaviour and quality of life questionnaires, ad libitum lunch, and an acceptability questionnaire. Data are reported as median/IQR, with effect size measure (Cliffs delta) and Kendalls Tau for correlations, due to the small sample size. Results: Eleven patients (median age=14yrs; 5F/6M) and matched controls (median age=12yrs; 5F/6M) were recruited. All patients had received surgery and 9/11 also received radiotherapy. Hypothalamic damage post-surgery was graded (Paris grading): grade 2 n=6; grade 1 n=1; grade 0 n=2. The included measures were deemed highly tolerable by participants and their parent/carers. Preliminary data suggests a difference in hyperphagia between patients and controls (d=0.5), and a relationship between hyperphagia with body mass index (BMISDS) in patients (tau=0.46). Discussion: These findings demonstrate that eating behaviour research is feasible and acceptable to craniopharyngioma patients and there is an association between BMISDS and hyperphagia in patients. Thus, food approach and avoidance behaviours may be useful targets for interventions to manage obesity in this patient group.

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Section: Each Participant Was Tested Individually Over the Course Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating eating behaviour, energy homeostasis and obesity in childhood onset craniopharyngioma: A feasibility study

Hinton

Lithander

Elsworth

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Thus, a lack of user-friendly tools for the calculation and presentation of effect sizes hinders the wide adoption of effect sizes for the quantitative comparison of data. Recently, easy-to-use tools for calculation of relative effect size (Goedhart, 2016) and absolute effect sizes have been reported (Ho et al, 2018) and these tools are important for wide adoption of effect sizes. We have previously reported a web tool, PlotsOfData, for visualizing the actual data with summary statistics (Postma and Goedhart, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PlotsOfDifferences – a web app for the quantitative comparison of unpaired data

Goedhart

2019

Preprint

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The quantitative comparison of data acquired under different conditions is an important aspect of experimental science. The most widely used statistic for quantitative comparisons is the pvalue. However, p-values suffer from several shortcomings. The most prominent shortcoming that is relevant for quantitative comparisons is that p-values fail to convey the magnitude of differences. The differences between conditions are best quantified by the determination of effect size. To democratize the calculation of effect size, we have developed a web-based tool. The tool uses bootstrapping to resample mean or median values for each of the conditions and these values are used to calculate the effect size and their compatibility interval. The web tool generates a graphical output, showing the bootstrap distribution of the difference next to the actual data for optimal interpretation. A tabular output with statistics and effect sizes is also generated and the table can be supplemented with p-values that are calculated with a randomization test. The app that we report here is dubbed PlotsOfDifferences and is available at: https://huygens.science.uva.nl/PlotsOfDifferences

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“…Delta Cliff was used to evaluate the effect size for non-parametric variables (MTPs) using a VBA/Excel calculator, considering 0.43 large, around 0.28 moderate and less than 0.11 small (Goedhart, 2016). Table 2 shows the number of MTPs for each muscle in each evaluation and the percentage change in the number of MTPs between evaluations.…”

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confidence: 99%

Efeitos imediatos da terapia de compressão isquêmica nos pontos-gatilho miofasciais do ombro

Nascimento

Alburquerque‐Sendín

Ferreira

et al. 2020

RSD

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Objetivo: Primeiramente, avaliar o efeito imediato da terapia de compressão isquêmica (TCI) na dor, mobilidade e força dos músculos do ombro em indivíduos com Síndrome do Impacto Subacromial (SIS). Em segundo lugar, verificar se o protocolo de avaliação de força e mobilidade influencia a quantidade de pontos-gatilho miofasciais (PGMs). Métodos: Estudo de braço único com um total de 15 indivíduos (6 mulheres e 9 homens, 34,4±10,43 anos; 24,20±2,18 kg/m2) com sintomas clínicos de SIS unilateral. Todos os indivíduos foram avaliados quanto à quantidade de PGMs nos músculos trapézio superior, trapézio inferior, supraespinhal, infraespinal, peitoral menor e deltóide médio; limiar de dor à pressão (LDP) nos músculos trapézio superior, trapézio inferior, infraespinhal e deltóide médio; amplitude de movimento (ADM) do ombro; e força isométrica dos músculos do ombro. Resultados: Houve redução da quantidade total de PMGs (p<0,01) e aumento do LDP no músculo deltóide médio (p 0,03) nas comparações entre pré e pós-tratamento, enquanto não houve diferença nas ADMs (p>0,05) e medidas de força (p>0,24); entretanto, a dor foi menor durante a ADM de elevação sagital (p<0,01) e rotação interna (p=0,04), e durante a realização de força em elevação do braço e rotação externa (p=0,01). Em geral, não houve diferença nas variáveis avaliadas entre a linha de base e o pré-tratamento (p>0,06). Conclusão: A TCI reduziu imediatamente a quantidade de PGMs e a dor durante a mobilidade e força, mas não alterou as variáveis LDP, ADM ou força. A avaliação da mobilidade e força não interferiu negativamente nas variáveis avaliadas.

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Calculation of a distribution free estimate of effect size and confidence intervals using VBA/Excel

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Evaluating eating behaviour, energy homeostasis and obesity in childhood onset craniopharyngioma: A feasibility study

Evaluating eating behaviour, energy homeostasis and obesity in childhood onset craniopharyngioma: A feasibility study

PlotsOfDifferences – a web app for the quantitative comparison of unpaired data

Efeitos imediatos da terapia de compressão isquêmica nos pontos-gatilho miofasciais do ombro

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