Calculation of a three-dimensional locally elliptic flow with a zonal equation method

Computational techniques and validation of 3-dimensional viscous/turbulent codes for internal flows

“…This model was first proposed by Rodi (1976) for stationary flows, but was later extended by Galmes & Lakshminarayana (1984) to rotating flows. Warfield & Lakshminarayana (1987) manipulated these equations to derive values of c u which include the effect of three-dimensionality and rotation. Their equations are given by…”

“…Thus cu is a non-isotropic property dependent on the local flow field, field, rotation, production and dissipation; f~ is given in Warfield & Lakshminarayana (1987). Hence k-e transport equations with a variable c u effectively incorporate many of the complex strain effects caused by the tliree-dimensionality and the rotation.…”

“…The abbreviations used for these codes are shown in parentheses above. For example, SPSALT stands for single pass space-marching algorithm for laminar and turbulent flows, INS3DPSU is a code developed by Kwak et al (1986) at the NASA Ames Research Center and modified (Warfield & Lakshminarayana 1987) by Penn State University (vsu) to include a k-e/ARSM turbulence model, convergence accelerators, and periodic boundary conditions for H-grids.…”

“…Their equations and code were modified to include vector S (rotation effects) and the turbulence modelling in (1). These modifications are described by Warfield (1987). The code was utilized to predict the .…”

“…This has motivated development of a zonal equation method. Warfield (1987) has provided a critical review of these techniques. A schematic of the zonal technique developed (Warfield & Lakshminarayana 1987) is shown in figure 1.…”