Calculation of auroral emissions from measured electron precipitation: Comparison with observation

Rees, M. H.; Romick, G. J.; Anderson, H. R.; Casserly, R. T.

doi:10.1029/ja081i028p05091

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The agreement between the observed and calculated AA lower boundary indicates that the beam energy is close to the nominal (cf. Davis et al, 1971;Rees et al, 1976). That is, the rocket potential is small, which agrees with the measurements onboard (Dokukin et al, 1981).…”

Section: Figure 4 | (Left)supporting

confidence: 86%

Artificial Aurora Experiments and Application to Natural Aurora

Mishin

2019

Front. Astron. Space Sci.

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A review is given of the effects observed during injections of powerful electron beams from sounding rockets into the upper atmosphere. Data come from in situ particle and wave measurements near a beam-emitting rocket and ground-based optical, wideband radiowave, and radar observations. The overall data cannot be explained solely by collisional degradation of energetic electrons but require collisionless beam-plasma interactions (BPI) be taken into account. The beam-plasma discharge theory describes the features of the region near a beam-emitting rocket, where the beam-excited plasma waves energize plasma electrons, which then ignite the discharge. The observations far beneath the rocket reveal a double-peak structure of artificial auroral rays, which can be understood in terms of the beam-excited strong Langmuir turbulence being affected by collisions of ionospheric electrons. This leads to the enhanced energization of ionospheric electrons in a narrow layer termed the plasma turbulence layer (PTL), which explains the upper peak. Similar double-peak structures or a sharp upper boundary in rayed auroral arcs have been observed in the auroral ionosphere by optical, radar, and rocket observations, and called Enhanced Aurora. A striking resemblance between Enhanced and Artificial Aurora altitude profiles indicates that they are created by the above BPI process which results in the PTL.

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Section: Figure 4 | (Left)supporting

confidence: 86%

Artificial Aurora Experiments and Application to Natural Aurora

Mishin

2019

Front. Astron. Space Sci.

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“…Previous statistical and modelling studies have given a conversion factor from the 427.8 nm intensity to the total electron energy flux, varying between 210-270 R/(mW m −2 ) (Deehr and Egeland, 1972;Rees et al,1976;Kasting and Hays, 1977;Strickland et al, 1989). In this study we have used a conversion factor of 233 R/(mW m −2 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle precipitations during NEIAL events: simultaneous ground based observations at Svalbard

et al. 2007

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Abstract. In this paper we present Naturally Enhanced Ion Acoustic Lines (NEIALs) observed with the EISCAT Svalbard Radar (ESR). For the first time, long sequences of NEIALs are recorded, with more than 50 events within an hour, ranging from 6.4 to 140 s in duration. The events took place from ∼08:45 to 10:00 UT, 22 January 2004. We combine ESR data with observations of optical aurora by a meridian scanning photometer at wavelengths 557.7, 630.0, 427.8, and 844.6 nm, as well as records from a magnetometer and an imaging riometer. The large numbers of observed NEIALs together with these additional observations, enable us to characterise the particle precipitation during the NEIAL events. We find that the intensities in all optical lines studied must be above a certain level for the NEIALs to appear. We also find that the soft particle precipitation is associated with the down-shifted shoulder in the incoherent scatter spectrum, and that harder precipitation may play a role in the enhancement of the up-shifted shoulder. The minimum energy flux during NEIAL events found in this study was ∼3.5 mW/m 2 and minimum characteristic energy around 50 eV.

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“…Auroral emission lines (e.g., 427.8, 557.7, and 844.6 nm) are predicted by multiple electron transport models to be directly correlated with the incident electron population characteristics (Hecht et al, , ; Lummerzheim & Lilensten, ; Meier et al, ; Rees et al, , ; Sergienko & Ivanov, ; Solomon, ; Strickland et al, ). An empirical relationship, described in Robinson et al (), directly relates the incident electron populations and the height‐integrated conductivity at the top of the ionosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Electron Population Characteristics in 2‐D Using Multispectral Ground‐Based Imaging

Grubbs

Michell

Samara

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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Ground‐based imaging and in situ sounding rocket data are compared to electron transport modeling for an active inverted‐V type auroral event. The Ground‐to‐Rocket Electrodynamics‐Electrons Correlative Experiment (GREECE) mission successfully launched from Poker Flat, Alaska, on 3 March 2014 at 11:09:50 UT and reached an apogee of approximately 335 km over the aurora. Multiple ground‐based electron‐multiplying charge‐coupled device (EMCCD) imagers were positioned at Venetie, Alaska, and aimed toward magnetic zenith. The imagers observed the intensity of different auroral emission lines (427.8, 557.7, and 844.6 nm) at the magnetic foot point of the rocket payload. Emission line intensity data are correlated with electron characteristics measured by the GREECE onboard electron spectrometer. A modified version of the GLobal airglOW (GLOW) model is used to estimate precipitating electron characteristics based on optical emissions. GLOW predicted the electron population characteristics with 20% error given the observed spectral intensities within 10° of magnetic zenith. Predictions are within 30% of the actual values within 20° of magnetic zenith for inverted‐V‐type aurora. Therefore, it is argued that this technique can be used, at least in certain types of aurora, such as the inverted‐V type presented here, to derive 2‐D maps of electron characteristics. These can then be used to further derive 2‐D maps of ionospheric parameters as a function of time, based solely on multispectral optical imaging data.

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Calculation of auroral emissions from measured electron precipitation: Comparison with observation

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Artificial Aurora Experiments and Application to Natural Aurora

Artificial Aurora Experiments and Application to Natural Aurora

Particle precipitations during NEIAL events: simultaneous ground based observations at Svalbard

Predicting Electron Population Characteristics in 2‐D Using Multispectral Ground‐Based Imaging

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