Abstract-A purely physical model is presented describing the depth-and size-dependence of the production of cosmogenic nuclides in meteoroids with radii up to 85 ern and in planetary surfaces by galactic cosmic ray protons. The model is based on Monte Carlo calculations of the intra-and internuclear cascades, by which depth-and size-dependent spectra of primary and secondary protons and of secondary neutrons are derived, and on experimental and theoretical thin-target cross sections of the underlying nuclear reactions. Model calculations are presented for production rates of "Mn, 26A1, 22Ne, and 21Ne in H-and L-chondrites and of "Mn and 26Al in lunar surface material and compared with experimental data. From the analysis of "Mn and 26AI in the Apollo 15 lunar drill core and in the L-chondrite Knyahinya GCR p-spectra and integral particle fluxes at I A.U. and in the meteoroid orbits averaged over the last 10 Ma are derived. An analysis of experimental depth profiles in four H-and L-chondrites demonstrates, that the new model is well capable of describing depth-and size-dependences of production rates of cosmogenic nuclides. Moreover, it is possible to determine exposure ages for these meteorites on the basis of the theoretical i'Ne production rates. The model calculations further explain the depth-and size-dependence of22Ne/ 21 Ne-ratios and the dependences on these ratios of 21Ne, 26AI and 5JMn production rates. The future requirements for model calculations of cosmogenic nuclide production rates in extraterrestrial matter are outlined.