Many enterprises, including repair ones, face the problem of losses due to measurement errors. It has established that the number of losses from the measurement error has affected by the type (error) of the measuring instrument used, the dispersion of the controlled parameter (the distribution law, the scattering zone), and the features of the technological process. The article presents a generalized theoretical mathematical model developed by the authors, which describes the procedure for the formation of losses from measurement errors. The developed model has adapted in relation to repair production, using the example of controlling the diameters of the main journals of the crankshaft of the YaMZ-238 engine. The approbation of the developed technique made it possible to determine the losses from the measurement error in the control of the root diameters of the crankshaft journals using various measuring instruments. It has established that the greatest losses have obtained when using measuring instruments with the largest error, and the smallest -with the smallest error. The use of a more accurate measuring instrument instead of the recommended one will reduce the losses from the measurement error during the input control of new crankshafts in the repair shop by more than 77%.