Calculation of high altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse propagation in ionosphere

Yinhui, 程引会 Cheng; Liang, 马良 Ma; Hui, 周辉 Zhou; Wei, 吴伟 Wu; Jinxi, 李进玺 Li; Baozhong, 李宝忠 Li

doi:10.3788/hplpb20112302.0441

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Comparing the above results with other scholars' great work (Liang and Zheng, 2009;Chen et al, 2011), our proposed method can explain the changes of waveforms after propagation in the ionosphere, such as the delay of the peak time, in light of the arrival time differences and amplitudes of simple harmonic waves. Besides, the application of inverse Fourier transform requires that the frequency components have the same wave front, in other words, the frequency components have the same propagation speed.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…The discrete iterative equations for the electromagnetic field components are presented in the CPML (Convolutional Perfect Matched Layer) media under the two-dimension and three-dimension prolate-spheroidal coordinate system (Gao et al, 2005a;Gao et al, 2005b). Chen et al derived the time-domain difference equations for the interaction between ionosphere and electromagnetic pulse (Chen et al, 2011). Those results show that the combination of ionospheric timedomain calculation method and NEMP calculation method is reasonable and effective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dispersive propagation of nuclear electromagnetic pulse in the ionosphere

Wei,

Zhu,

et al. 2023

Front. Astron. Space Sci.

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Introduction: On the propagation path to the satellite, the ionosphere will distort the nuclear electromagnetic pulse (NEMP) and change its physical properties.Methods: This paper proposes a method for calculating the propagation of NEMP to the satellite. The method decomposes NEMP into the superposition of simple harmonic waves, and each simple harmonic wave is calculated separately in the ionosphere. With the consideration of different time of arrival and critical frequency of the ionosphere, the NEMP after propagating in the ionosphere is obtained by superposition of simple harmonic waves in time domain rather than the inverse Fourier transform which will erase the time domain information.Results: The results show that NEMP is dispersive in ionosphere with the pulse broadened, the speeds changed and the bandwidth narrowed. The time-frequency spectrum can provide the frequency band where the signal energy is located.Discussion: Our proposed method provides a simple and effective way to calculate the NEMP propagation in the ionosphere, which should afford help to the design of NEMP receivers and the selection of satellite orbit altitude.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersive propagation of nuclear electromagnetic pulse in the ionosphere

Wei,

Zhu,

et al. 2023

Front. Astron. Space Sci.

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Design of a High-Power Nanosecond Electromagnetic Pulse Radiation System for Verifying Spaceborne Detectors

Zhang,

Li,

Duan

et al. 2024

Sensors

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The Spaceborne Global Lightning Location Network (SGLLN) serves the purpose of identifying transient lightning events occurring beneath the ionosphere, playing a significant role in detecting and warning of disaster weather events. To ensure the effective functioning of the wideband electromagnetic pulse detector, which is a crucial component of the SGLLN, it must be tested and verified with specific signals. However, the inherent randomness and unpredictability of lightning occurrences pose challenges to this requirement. Consequently, a high-power electromagnetic pulse radiation system with a 20 m aperture reflector is designed. This system is capable of emitting nanosecond electromagnetic pulse signals under pre-set spatial and temporal conditions, providing a controlled environment for assessing the detection capabilities of SGLLN. In the design phase, an exponentially TEM feed antenna has been designed firstly based on the principle of high-gain radiation. The feed antenna adopts a pulser-integrated design to mitigate insulation risks, and it is equipped with an asymmetric protective loading to reduce reflected energy by 85.7%. Moreover, an innovative assessment method for gain loss, based on the principle of Love’s equivalence, is proposed to quantify the impact of feed antenna on the radiation field. During the experimental phase, a specialized E-field sensor is used in the far-field experiment at a distance of 400 m. The measurements indicate that at this distance, the signal has a peak field strength of 2.2 kV/m, a rise time of 1.9 ns, and a pulse half-width of 2.5 ns. Additionally, the beamwidth in the time domain is less than 10°. At an altitude of 500 km, the spaceborne detector records a signal with a peak field strength of approximately 10 mV/m. Particularly, this signal transformed into a nonlinear frequency-modulated signal in the microsecond range across its frequency spectrum, which is consistent with the law of radio wave propagation in the ionosphere. This study offers a stable and robust radiation source for verifying spaceborne detectors and establishes an empirical foundation for investigating the impact of the ionosphere on signal propagation characteristics.

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Calculation of high altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse propagation in ionosphere

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Dispersive propagation of nuclear electromagnetic pulse in the ionosphere

Dispersive propagation of nuclear electromagnetic pulse in the ionosphere

Design of a High-Power Nanosecond Electromagnetic Pulse Radiation System for Verifying Spaceborne Detectors

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