Calculation of the Contact Angle of Polymer Melts on Tool Surfaces from Viscosity Parameters

Zitzenbacher, Gernot; Dirnberger, Hannes; Längauer, Manuel; Holzer, Clemens

doi:10.3390/polym10010038

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The dynamic contact angle in the meniscus is a receding one, which explains why it is lower (104 • ). In any case, these values are coherent with the contact angles measured in drop spreading experiments with molten polymers [34,40]. The contact line boundary condition was modified to impose different values of this contact angle, but the meniscus shape remained exactly the same (not shown here).…”

Section: Numerical Results-sensitivity To Modeling Parameterssupporting

confidence: 71%

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Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Extrusion and Deposition Process of a Poly(lactic Acid) Strand with Fused Deposition Modeling

et al. 2020

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In the last decade, Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) has gained popularity for allowing the fabrication of pieces with complex shapes. The final quality of the pieces is strongly linked to the shape, size and surface finish of the strands deposited successively, which themselves depend on the printing parameters and extruded material properties. In this work, we present an experimental characterization of an extruded and deposited single strand of Poly-Lactic Acid (PLA), by means of high-speed visualization of the bead region between the substrate and the nozzle, where the molten polymer is still in liquid phase. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model proposed in literature, and, based on isothermal and viscous flow assumptions, is validated with this data in terms of strand height and meniscus shape. The characteristics of the printed layer are also confronted to the measurements of the solidified strands by microscopy, with a good agreement. The focus on high printing speeds allows extending the conclusions of previous studies. Regarding the surface finish, the roughness patterns detected on the printed strands are correlated to the velocity fluctuations of the printing head. The CFD model does not capture those thickness variations, however, due to not accounting for solidification.

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Section: Numerical Results-sensitivity To Modeling Parameterssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Besides, this angle is known to increase with the zero shear viscosity of the material [34], that is to say, when the melt temperature decreases. The temperature difference between the extruded melt and the heated platform, which is very large in 3D printers, is also expected to affect the wetting behavior, as opposed to slot die coating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Extrusion and Deposition Process of a Poly(lactic Acid) Strand with Fused Deposition Modeling

et al. 2020

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“…With the rising temperature, the wetting property of PP droplet first shows hydrophobicity and then turn to be hydrophilic characteristics. Consistent regulations of the influence of melt temperature on the contact angle can be also found in the experimental researches [ 15 , 33 , 34 ]. PP droplet with high melt temperature can decrease the melt viscosity and flow resistance, which favors the wetting property and improves the interfacial joining between two phases.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Atomistic Investigation on the Wetting Behavior and Interfacial Joining of Polymer-Metal Interface

Zhou

Jiang

et al. 2020

Polymers

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Polymer-metal hybrid structures can reduce the weight of components while ensuring the structural strength, which in turn save cost and subsequently fuel consumption. The interface strength of polymer-metal hybrid structure is mainly determined by the synergistic effects of interfacial interaction and mechanical interlocking. In this study, the wetting behavior of polypropylene (PP) melt on metal surface was studied by molecular dynamics simulation. Atomistic models with smooth surface and nano-column arrays on Al substrate were constructed. Influences of melt temperature, surface roughness and metal material on the wetting behavior and interfacial joining were analyzed. Afterwards the separation process of injection-molded PP-metal hybrid structure was simulated to analyze joining strength. Results show that the initially sphere-like PP model gradually collapses in the wetting simulation. With a higher temperature, it is easier for molecule chains to spread along the surface. For substrate with rough surface, high density is observed at the bottom or on the upper surface of the column. The contact state is transitioning from Wenzel state to Cassie–Baxter state with the decrease of void fraction. The inner force of injection-molded PP-Fe hybrid structure during the separation process is obviously higher, demonstrating a greater joining strength.

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“…Furthermore, the modification approximates the hydrophobic character of fibers to the matrix polymer, which can improve the compatibility between them, as it will be discussed [25]. Similar results are reported in literature [26,27]. The effect of the treatment of fibers was also studied by analyzing their morphology.…”

Section: Modification Of Biomasssupporting

confidence: 53%

Enhanced compatibility between coconut fibers/PP via chemical modification for 3D printing

et al. 2021

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Aiming to produce high-quality bio-based 3D printed products, in this work, coconut fibers were chemical modified using caprolactone. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic reasonance (NMR) confirmed the grafting of the hydroxyl groups present on the surface of the fibers with caprolactone units. Furthermore, from contact angle (CA) analyses, the higher hydrophobicity of fibers after chemical treatment was confirmed, which improved its affinity with PP. The enhanced filler/matrix compatibility was reflected on the mechanical performance and processability of the ensuing composites. The modified fibers derived composites showed higher stiffness and higher melting flow index (MFI), when compared to the untreated counterparts. The composites were used to produce 3D printed specimens. Smother filaments were obtained using modified fibers, which confirms the better compatibility of fibers/PP. The surface of the 3D printed composite specimen produced using treated fibers, presented smooth surface, similar to the PP. This observation highlights the enhancement of the 3D printing quality due to the chemical modification of fibers.

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Calculation of the Contact Angle of Polymer Melts on Tool Surfaces from Viscosity Parameters

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Extrusion and Deposition Process of a Poly(lactic Acid) Strand with Fused Deposition Modeling

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Extrusion and Deposition Process of a Poly(lactic Acid) Strand with Fused Deposition Modeling

Atomistic Investigation on the Wetting Behavior and Interfacial Joining of Polymer-Metal Interface

Enhanced compatibility between coconut fibers/PP via chemical modification for 3D printing

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