Calculations and measurements of the scintillator-to-water stopping power ratio of liquid scintillators for use in proton radiotherapy

Ingram, W. Scott; Robertson, Daniel; Beddar, Sam

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2014.12.004

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In addition, we measured and calculated the stopping power ratio, S , scin water to be 0.995 ± 0.001. This ratio matched that found in an independent study recently conducted by our group, within the respective standard deviations (Ingram et al 2015). It is worth mentioning that the original calculated S scin water differed by only 0.4%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Fast range measurement of spot scanning proton beams using a volumetric liquid scintillator detector

Hui

Robertson

Alsanea

et al. 2015

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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Accurate confirmation and verification of the range of spot scanning proton beams is crucial for correct dose delivery. Current methods to measure proton beam range using ionization chambers are either time-consuming or result in measurements with poor spatial resolution. The large-volume liquid scintillator detector allows real-time measurements of the entire dose profile of a spot scanning proton beam. Thus, liquid scintillator detectors are an ideal tool for measuring the proton beam range for commissioning and quality assurance. However, optical artefacts may decrease the accuracy of measuring the proton beam range within the scintillator tank. The purpose of the current study was to 1) develop a geometric calibration system to accurately calculate physical distances within the liquid scintillator detector, taking into account optical artefacts; and 2) assess the accuracy, consistency, and robustness of proton beam range measurement using the liquid scintillator detector with our geometric calibration system. The range of the proton beam was measured with the calibrated liquid scintillator system and was compared to the nominal range. Measurements were made on three different days to evaluate the setup robustness from day to day, and three sets of measurements were made for each day to evaluate the consistency from delivery to delivery. All proton beam ranges measured using the liquid scintillator system were within half a millimeter of the nominal range. The delivery-to-delivery standard deviation of the range measurement was 0.04 mm, and the day-to-day standard deviation was 0.10 mm. In addition to the accuracy and robustness demonstrated by these results when our geometric calibration system was used, the liquid scintillator system allowed the range of all 94 proton beams to be measured in just two deliveries, making the liquid scintillator detector a perfect tool for range measurement of spot scanning proton beams.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Fast range measurement of spot scanning proton beams using a volumetric liquid scintillator detector

Hui

Robertson

Alsanea

et al. 2015

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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“…This liquid scintillator, with a density of 0.963 g/cm 3 , serves as both a phantom and a detector medium (Ingram et al 2015). The peak emission wavelength of the scintillator is around 420 nm with a decay time of 1.4 ns and quantum yield of 0.83.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early work with volumetric liquid scintillation detectors for 3D dosimetry showed that these detectors have several promising features (Beddar et al 2009). First, they are tissue- or water-equivalent, enabling dose detection with minimal field perturbation (Ingram et al 2015). Second, they have high spatial resolution (Archambault et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance characterization of a 3D liquid scintillation detector for discrete spot scanning proton beam systems

Darne¹,

Alsanea²,

Robertson³

et al. 2017

Phys. Med. Biol.

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Existing systems for proton beam dosimetry are limited in their ability to provide a complete, accurate, and detailed account of volumetric dose distribution. In this work, we describe the design and development of a portable, fast, and reusable liquid scintillator-based three-dimensional (3D) optical detection system for use in proton therapy. Our long-term goal is to use this system clinically for beam characterization, dosimetry, and quality assurance studies of discrete spot scanning proton beam systems. The system used a 20 × 20 × 20-cm3 liquid scintillator volume. Three mutually orthogonal cameras surrounding this volume captured scintillation photons emitted in response to the proton beams. The cameras exhibited a mean spatial resolution of 0.21 mm over the complete detection volume and a temporal resolution of 11 msec. The system is shown to be capable of capturing all 94 beam energies delivered by a synchrotron and performing rapid beam range measurements with a mean accuracy of 0.073 ±0.030 mm over all energies. The range measurement uncertainty for doses less than 1 cGy was found to be ±0.355 mm, indicating high precision for low dose detection. Finally, we demonstrated that using multiple cameras allowed for the precise locations of the delivered beams to be tracked in 3D. We conclude that this detector is capable of real-time and accurate tracking of dynamic spot beam deliveries in 3D. The high-resolution light profiles it generates will be useful for future 3D construction of dose maps.

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Development of novel water equivalent liquid scintillator

Xuegang

Wang

et al. 2020

Radiation Measurements

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Calculations and measurements of the scintillator-to-water stopping power ratio of liquid scintillators for use in proton radiotherapy

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Fast range measurement of spot scanning proton beams using a volumetric liquid scintillator detector

Fast range measurement of spot scanning proton beams using a volumetric liquid scintillator detector

Performance characterization of a 3D liquid scintillation detector for discrete spot scanning proton beam systems

Development of novel water equivalent liquid scintillator

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