Calculations of the heat release rate by oxygen consumption for various applications

Abstract

The oxygen consumption technique is emerging as a powerful tool for determining the heat release rate in a number of diverse fire test applications, including room fire tests, fire endurance tests, the ASTM E 84 tunnel test, and various heat release rate calorimeters.for which corrections must be made for water vapor trapping; taking into account or ignoring the ambient concentration of water vapor and carbon dioxide; and improving the accuracy for open systems by monitoring the water vapor in the exhaust duct. The equations developed here should be useful to anyone setting up a new system and will provide a means of calculating the errors which might be expected when simplified procedures are used.

Acoustic Considerations Regarding Pulsations During Large-scale Fire Tests In A Tunnel

“…The heat release rate (HRR) was estimated using oxygen consumption calorimetry [3,4]. A number of different instruments were used to determine the HRR: five bi-directional pressure difference probes (McCaffrey and Heskestad [5]) each connected to a Furness mod FC0332 instrument; twelve thermocouples of type K with 0.25 mm diameter; two oxygen (O 2 ) analyzers of type PMA 10 and one of type Siemens Oxymat (lowest one); and two carbon dioxide (CO 2 )/carbon monoxide (CO) analyzers of type BINOS.…”

An assessment of correlations between laboratory and full-scale experiments for the FAA Aircraft Fire Safety Program, Part 2 :

“…Smith [2], Tewarson [3], and Parker [4] are among those who have developed devices to measure the transient rate of energy and other products of combustion from burning materials. These devices are flow-through systems in which measurements in the gas stream flowing from a burning specimen are used to infer the energy and product releases of the material.…”

“…where h(T) = Y^hj(T) + Yphp(T) + q is the net heat transfer rate to the solid fuel, and e is the rate of heat transfer lost to the apparatus walls, w By utilizing the enthalpy relationships (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7) and solving for the specie concentrations at the exit in Eqns. (9)(10)(11) the energy equation (13) is the excess fuel.…”

Carbon dioxide generation calorimetry—Errors induced by the simplifying assumptions in the standard test methods

“…Practical equations for various gas analysers configurations (depending on the measurement devices available) were proposed by Parker and Janssens [10][11][12]. In all cases, the oxygen concentration must be measured.…”

“…However, this variable can be expressed as a function of the mass flow rate of fumes by use of the combustion expansion factor (average value = 1.105) and the oxygen depletion factor [10]:…”