Calf Circumference Is a Useful Index for Assessing Dysphagia among Community Dwelling Elderly Recipients of Long-Term Care

Kurosawa, Yukiko; Hara, Koji; Tohara, Haruka; Namiki, Chizuru; Ariya, Chantaramanee; Nakane, Ayako; Nakagawa, Kazuharu; Yamaguchi, Kohei; Yoshimi, Kanako; Furuya, Junichi; Minakuchi, Shunsuke

doi:10.1620/tjem.248.201

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In dysphagia research, dysphagia and its severity have been linked with poorer measures of overall physical status, such as hand grip strength (Sugaya et al., 2021), calf circumference (Kurosawa et al., 2019), and dependency for activities of daily living (Pu et al., 2017; Pu et al., 2020; Sakai et al., 2017). These patterns have also been demonstrated in clinical populations, such as those with traumatic brain injury (Duong et al., 2004) and heart failure (Matsuo et al., 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use and effects of whole‐body exercises on swallowing function: A scoping review

Yao

2023

Intl J Lang & Comm Disor

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Background: Swallowing function can become impaired due to primary medical conditions or age-related presbyphagia, resulting in swallowing disorders, known as dysphagia. Specific manoeuvres that target different musculature have been innovated and researched, but whole-body exercises (WBE) that target multiple large groups of body systems and muscles have been rarely considered in dysphagia management, despite the causes of dysphagia being often systemic. Aims: To identify intervention studies that have used or incorporated WBE to target swallowing function in humans, and report on their findings. Methods & Procedures: A scoping review was conducted given the paucity and novelty of this topic in research and practice. Key search terms were used to search five major databases on for all human studies published before 28 November 2022. Studies that were not interventional or used animal models were excluded. All swallowing and oromotor-related outcomes were extracted from the studies. Two researchers independently reviewed all search results following the PRISMA-ScR guideline before meeting to resolve any disagreements. Main Contribution: Final analysis was conducted on 11 papers that described 10 studies, with 10 papers (9 studies) reporting positive findings for swallowing or oromotor function-related outcomes. Studies ranged from randomised controlled trials to case studies in design. The study design and populations were heterogeneous, with outcome measures for swallowing and oromotor function ranging from subjective questionnaires to instrumental assessments.Conclusions & Implications: Dysphagia rehabilitation that incorporates WBE as part of a comprehensive programme appears to be more beneficial than either WBE or swallowing-related interventions alone. This review is an initial attempt to systematically examine the evidence on this topic. There is a need for future research to study how WBE can be used, either alone or combined with traditional swallowing exercises, to influence swallowing function in different healthy and clinical populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use and effects of whole‐body exercises on swallowing function: A scoping review

Yao

2023

Intl J Lang & Comm Disor

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“…CC has been used as a simple and noninvasive method to assess nutritional status [30], ADL [31], and physical function [32]. In addition, dependence was an independent variable in a previous study [29]. Dysphagia is reportedly correlated with declines in physical function and ADL, as well as malnutrition.…”

Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jaw-Opening Force as a Useful Index for Dysphagia: A Cross-Sectional and Multi-Institutional Study

et al. 2022

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Introduction: Jaw-opening force (JOF) can be a potential screening tool for dysphagia. However, confounding variables such as comorbidities or physical and oral functions that are associated with the physiology of swallowing have not previously been examined. Adjusting for these variables could reveal the relationship between JOF and dysphagia and indicate whether JOF is an independent factor associated with dysphagia. We therefore aimed to assess the efficacy of using JOF for dysphagia screening in this multi-institutional study. Methods: Community-dwelling older adults over the age of 65 years (N = 403) who visited the university dental hospitals and participated in health surveys (mean age ± standard deviation, 77.1 ± 7.0 years; range, 65–96 years) between November 2018 and January 2020 were included in this study. The JOFs of all participants were measured. The measured JOF was compared with the presence of dysphagia, which was defined using the Functional Oral Intake Scale and the Eating Assessment Tool-10. Results: Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of dysphagia was independently associated with JOF, calf circumference, and dependence after adjusting for age and sex. Discussion/Conclusion: Decreased JOF can be a risk factor for dysphagia in older adults.

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“…CC was measured twice, and the average was calculated. The subjects were requested his/her knee raise and bent at right angle in supine position ( 12 ) and we measured CC perpendicular to the leg bone at the position of the midpoint between the lateral epicondyle of the distal femur and the prominent point of the fibula lateral malleolus bone.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of muscle mass-based indications for the cystatin C test in renal function evaluation

et al. 2022

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BackgroundWe aimed to suggest muscle mass-based criteria for using of the cystatin C test for the accurate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).Materials and methodsWe recruited 138 Korean subjects and evaluated eGFRcr (derived from Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) based on creatinine) was compared to eGFRcys based on cystatin C as the reference value. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was used as representative of muscle mass. Calf circumference (CC) was also evaluated. We defined the patients by eGFRcr as those with values of eGFRcr ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 but eGFRcys < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 as the detection of hidden renal impairment (DHRI). Cut-off values were determined based on muscle mass for the cases of DHRI suggesting the criteria of cystatin C test in renal function evaluation.ResultsWe confirmed significant negative correlation between %difference of eGFRcr from eGFRcys and SMI (r, −0.592 for male, −0.484 for female) or CC (r, −0.646 for male, −0.351 for female). SMI of 7.3 kg/m2 for males and 5.7 kg/m2 for females were suggested to be significant cutoffs for indication of cystatin C test. We also suggested CC would be valuable for cystatin C indication.ConclusionWe suggested the muscle mass-based objective criteria relating to SMI and CC that would indicate the use of cystatin C to evaluate renal function test in sarcopenic cases. Our results highlight the importance of muscle mass-based selection of renal function.

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Calf Circumference Is a Useful Index for Assessing Dysphagia among Community Dwelling Elderly Recipients of Long-Term Care

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

The use and effects of whole‐body exercises on swallowing function: A scoping review

The use and effects of whole‐body exercises on swallowing function: A scoping review

Jaw-Opening Force as a Useful Index for Dysphagia: A Cross-Sectional and Multi-Institutional Study

Establishment of muscle mass-based indications for the cystatin C test in renal function evaluation

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