Calibration and preliminary tests of the Brine Observation Transition To Liquid Experiment on HABIT/ExoMars 2020 for demonstration of liquid water stability on Mars

Nazarious, Miracle Israel; Ramachandran, Abhilash Vakkada; Zorzano, María Paz; Martín‐Torres, Javier

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2019.06.026

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…All the salt-SAP mixtures captured water and particularly, calcium-chloride salt-SAP mixture produced liquid brine. The maximum electrical conductivity value of the CaCl 2 brine of ̴ 100 µScm -1 is coherent with the literature 31 . the salt deliquescence are shown as a representative result while the focus is more on achieving the required conditions to simulate Martian environment.…”

Section: Representative Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…An Arduino board and a simple serial data monitor can be used to retrieve the data and store it. 31 . This is applied to retrieve the calibrated electrical conductivity measurements of BOTTLE that aids with the detection of liquid brine formation process on Mars, which is one of its primary mission objectives 18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instrument-level calibration is performed with determining the geometrical cell constants of each electrode pair and with calibration standards of known electrical conductivity 31 . The geometrical cell constant, K decides the electrical conductivity range to which the measurement setup is sensitive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…temperatures, we use temperature data only to determine the phase state of the brine. Nazarious et al 31 has discussed this aspect in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring Electrical Conductivity to Study the Formation of Brines Under Martian Conditions

Nazarious

Ramachandran

Zorzano

et al. 2021

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This paper describes a protocol to design experiments to study the formation of brines under Martian conditions and monitor the process with electrical conductivity measurements. We used the Engineering Qualification Model (EQM) of Habitability: Brines, Irradiation, and Temperature (HABIT)/ExoMars 2022 instrument for the experiment setup but we provide a brief account of constructing a simple and inexpensive electrical conductivity measurement setup. The protocol serves to calibrate the electrical conductivity measurements of the salt deliquescence into brine in a simulated Martian environment. The Martian conditions of temperature (-70 °C to 20 °C), relative humidity (0% to 100%) and pressure (7 -8 mbar) with carbon-dioxide atmosphere were simulated in the SpaceQ Mars simulation chamber, a facility at the

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Section: Representative Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…temperatures, we use temperature data only to determine the phase state of the brine. Nazarious et al 31 has discussed this aspect in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring Electrical Conductivity to Study the Formation of Brines Under Martian Conditions

Nazarious

Ramachandran

Zorzano

et al. 2021

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“…Chloride and perchlorate salts form brines and hydrates at a lower relative humidity level (Gu et al, 2017;Jia et al, 2018). Perchlorate salts are present in Mars soils as well as at the Atacama Desert, and microbial growth in the presence of these salts has important metabolic and astrobiological implications (Jackson et al, 2015;Gu et al, 2017;Jia et al, 2018;Laye and DasSarma, 2018;Vega et al, 2018;Montgomery et al, 2019;Nazarious et al, 2019). Perchlorate reduction has been well-studied in Bacteria representatives, but perchlorate metabolism has expanded to the Archaea domain after studies on Archaeoglobus fulgidus strains and other haloarchaea (Liebensteiner et al, 2013;Oren et al, 2014).…”

Section: Tolerance Of Strain Sgh1 To Perchlorate and Magnesium Saltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haloterrigena sp. Strain SGH1, a Bacterioruberin-Rich, Perchlorate-Tolerant Halophilic Archaeon Isolated From Halite Microbial Communities, Atacama Desert, Chile

et al. 2020

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An extreme halophilic archaeon, strain SGH1, is a novel microorganism isolated from endolithic microbial communities colonizing halites at Salar Grande, Atacama Desert, in northern Chile. Our study provides structural, biochemical, genomic, and physiological information on this new isolate living at the edge of the physical and chemical extremes at the Atacama Desert. SGH1 is a Gram-negative, red-pigmented, non-motile unicellular coccoid organism. Under the transmission electron microscope, strain SGH1 showed an abundant electro-dense material surrounding electron-lucent globular structures resembling gas vacuoles. Strain SGH1 showed a 16S rRNA gene sequence with a close phylogenetic relationship to the extreme halophilic archaea Haloterrigena turkmenica and Haloterrigena salina and has been denominated Haloterrigena sp. strain SGH1. Strain SGH1 grew at 20-40 • C (optimum 37 • C), at salinities between 15 and 30% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 25%) and growth was improved by addition of 50 mM KCl and 0.5% w/v casamino acids. Growth was severely restricted at salinities below 15% NaCl and cell lysis is avoided at a minimal 10% NaCl. Maximal concentrations of magnesium chloride and sodium or magnesium perchlorates that supported SGH1 growth were 0.5 and 0.15M, respectively. Haloterrigena sp. strain SGH1 accumulates bacterioruberin (BR), a C 50 xanthophyll, as the major carotenoid. Total carotenoids in strain SGH1 amounted to nearly 400 µg BR per gram of dry biomass. Nearly 80% of total carotenoids accumulated as geometric isomers of BR: all-trans-BR (50%), 5cis-BR (15%), 9-cis-BR (10%), 13-cis-BR (4%); other carotenoids were dehydrated derivatives of BR. Carotenogenesis in SGH1 was a reversible and salt-dependent

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Implementing bioburden reduction and control on the deliquescent hydrogel of the HABIT/ExoMars 2022 instrument

et al. 2020

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Calibration and preliminary tests of the Brine Observation Transition To Liquid Experiment on HABIT/ExoMars 2020 for demonstration of liquid water stability on Mars

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Measuring Electrical Conductivity to Study the Formation of Brines Under Martian Conditions

Measuring Electrical Conductivity to Study the Formation of Brines Under Martian Conditions

Haloterrigena sp. Strain SGH1, a Bacterioruberin-Rich, Perchlorate-Tolerant Halophilic Archaeon Isolated From Halite Microbial Communities, Atacama Desert, Chile

Implementing bioburden reduction and control on the deliquescent hydrogel of the HABIT/ExoMars 2022 instrument

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