Calibration of an organic scintillator for neutron spectrometry

Verbinski, V.V.; Burrus, W.R.; Love, T.A.; Zobel, W.; Hill, N.W.; Textor, R.E.

doi:10.1016/0029-554x(68)90003-7

Cited by 359 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The latter one requires a response function to unfold the visible energies "seen" by PMTs to the recoil energy caused by incident neutrons. Such a function has been widely studied for neutron energies from a few MeV to several hundred MeV [29][30][31][32][33][34] with small scintillation detectors (several liters). Several Monte Carlo codes such as CE-CIL [29], O5S [35] and SCINFUL [36] are developed to calculate the neutron response function in liquid scintillators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring muon-induced neutrons with liquid scintillation detector at Soudan mine

Zhang

Mei

2014

Phys. Rev. D

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We report a direct detection of muon-induced high energy neutrons with a 12-liter neutron detector fabricated with EJ-301 liquid scintillator operating at Soudan Mine for about two years. The detector response to energy from a few MeV up to ∼ 20 MeV has been calibrated using radioactive sources and cosmic-ray muons. Subsequently, we have calculated the scintillation efficiency for nuclear recoils, up to a few hundred MeV, using Birks' law in the Monte Carlo simulation. Data from an exposure of 655.1 days were analyzed and neutron-induced recoil events were observed in the energy region from 4 MeV to 50 MeV, corresponding to fast neutrons with kinetic energy up to a few hundred MeV, depending on the scattering angle. Combining with the Monte Carlo simulation, the measured muon-induced fast neutron flux is determined to be (2.23 ± 0.52(sta.) ± 0.99(sys.)) × 10 −9 cm −2 s −1 (En > 20 MeV), in a reasonable agreement with the model prediction. The muon flux is found to be (1.65 ± 0.02(sta.) ± 0.1(sys.)) × 10 −7 cm −2 s −1 (Eµ > 1 GeV), consistent with other measurements. As a result, the muon-induced high energy gamma-ray flux is simulated to be 7.08 ×10 −7 cm −2 s −1 (Eγ > 1 MeV) for the depth of Soudan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring muon-induced neutrons with liquid scintillation detector at Soudan mine

Zhang

Mei

2014

Phys. Rev. D

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“…To correct for the energy dependent detection efficiency of the detectors and multiple scattering of neutrons on the surrounding materials the setup is modeled in GEANT4. The simulation uses the experimentally determined proton light output functions, for other recoil-particle species literature data is used [13,14]. The Monte-Carlo model has been validated against the 252 Cf(sf) PFNS [15].…”

Section: Analysis Of Pfn Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prompt neutron emission and energy balance in ²³⁵U(n,f)

2017

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Abstract. Investigations of prompt fission neutron (PFN) emission are of importance in understanding the fission process in general and the sharing of excitation energy among the fission fragments in particular. Experimental activities at JRC-Geel on PFN emission in response to OECD/NEA nuclear data requests is presented in this contribution. The focus lies on on-going investigations of PFN emission from the reaction 235 U(n,f) in the region of the resolved resonances taking place at the GELINA facility. For this reaction strong fluctuations of fission fragment mass distributions and mean total kinetic energy have been observed as a function of incident neutron energy in the resonance region. In addition, fluctuations of prompt neutron multiplicities have also been observed. The goal of the present study is to verify the current knowledge of PFN multiplicity fluctuations and to study correlations with fission fragment properties. The experiment employs a scintillation detector array for neutron detection, while fission fragment properties are determined via the double kinetic energy technique using a position sensitive twin ionization chamber.Results on PFN multiplicity correlations with fission fragment properties from the present study show significant differences compared to earlier studies on this reaction, induced by thermal neutrons. Specifically, the total kinetic energy dependence of the neutron multiplicity per fission shows an inverse slope ∂TKE/∂ν approximately 35% weaker than observed in earlier studies of thermal neutron induced fission on 235 U. The inverse slope is related to the energy carried away per emitted neutron and is, thereby, closely connected to the energy balance of the fission reaction. The present result should have strong impact on the modeling of both prompt neutron and prompt γ -ray emission in fission of the 236 U compound nucleus.

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“…The NE-213 liquid scintillator was selected because of its proven performance in other fast-neutron 2 detector assemblies. This scintillator is very efficient over the neutron energy range from 1 to above 14 MeV, does not exhibit nonisotropic behavior characteristic of stilbene [14], and is amenable to pulse-shape-discrimination [8]. Also, since the scintillator is a liquid, detectors containing NE-213 can be fabricated in various sizes and shapes to optimize performance in a specific radiation environment.…”

Section: -121mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Black electrician's tape was wrapped around the foil and the PM tube to isolate the components from ambient light. This configuration has been shown to possess reduced response variation and improved resolution relative to detectors coated with white reflector paint and without a light pipe [8]. Visual inspection of the optical couplings was also possible since the reflector foil was added after attaching the detector to the light pipe and PM tube.…”

Section: Detector Mountingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scintillation spectrometer system for measuring fast-neutron spectra in beam geometry

Simons¹,

Larson²,

Reynolds³

1977

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Calibration of an organic scintillator for neutron spectrometry

Cited by 359 publications

References 9 publications

Measuring muon-induced neutrons with liquid scintillation detector at Soudan mine

Measuring muon-induced neutrons with liquid scintillation detector at Soudan mine

Prompt neutron emission and energy balance in ²³⁵U(n,f)

Scintillation spectrometer system for measuring fast-neutron spectra in beam geometry

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Calibration of an organic scintillator for neutron spectrometry

Cited by 359 publications

References 9 publications

Measuring muon-induced neutrons with liquid scintillation detector at Soudan mine

Measuring muon-induced neutrons with liquid scintillation detector at Soudan mine

Prompt neutron emission and energy balance in 235U(n,f)

Scintillation spectrometer system for measuring fast-neutron spectra in beam geometry

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Product

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Prompt neutron emission and energy balance in ²³⁵U(n,f)