Calibrator for alternating voltage, current, and power

Analysis of the effect of DAC resolution on RMS value of the signal generated by the digital source of low-frequency standard AC voltage

“…This influence can be reduced by modifying the method of calculation of the digital sine samples, for example by using the algorithm presented in [3]. The compact formula (15) can be used to estimate the uncertainty due to DAC resolution.…”

“…For a linear B-bit DAC with transfer characteristics shown in Fig.3 the voltage of the n-th step of the sinusoidal signal generated by the DSS is given by (3). The voltage may be expressed as…”

“…[10]. The simplest and the quickest method of DSS calibration is the peak-to-peak method, in which only two DC voltages U max and U min are measured with a highaccuracy digital voltmeter [3]. These two voltages represent the maximum and minimum momentary voltage of the sinusoidal signal generated by the source, respectively.…”

“…Digital sources of low-frequency sinusoidal AC voltage (DSS) are used in digital impedance bridges [1], quantum AC voltage standards [2], power and energy calibrators [3], systems for investigation of thermal voltage converters [4], systems for accurate measurement of complex voltage ratio [5] and other applications. A typical DSS generates a stair-shaped sinusoidal signal of effective value from approximately 0.5 V to 10 V and in frequency range from 1 mHz to 1 kHz [6,7,8,9].…”

A high accuracy reactive power and energy meter insensitive to frequency variations

“…At NRC the performance of the meter was evaluated using a programmable power calibrator [4], with an estimated accuracy in the order of 10 ppm for both active and reactive power. Tests were performed in the current range from 100% down to 1% of the meter nominal current and for sincp from 1 down to 0.25, where cp is the phase angle between voltage and current.…”