California wildfire spread derived using VIIRS satellite observations and an object-based tracking system

Abstract

Changing wildfire regimes in the western US and other fire-prone regions pose considerable risks to human health and ecosystem function. However, our understanding of wildfire behavior is still limited by a lack of data products that systematically quantify fire spread, behavior and impacts. Here we develop a novel object-based system for tracking the progression of individual fires using 375 m Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite active fire detections. At each half-daily time step, fire pixels are clustered according to their spatial proximity, and are either appended to an existing active fire object or are assigned to a new object. This automatic system allows us to update the attributes of each fire event, delineate the fire perimeter, and identify the active fire front shortly after satellite data acquisition. Using this system, we mapped the history of California fires during 2012–2020. Our approach and data stream may be useful for calibration and evaluation of fire spread models, estimation of near-real-time wildfire emissions, and as means for prescribing initial conditions in fire forecast models.

Object Tracking Based on Satellite Videos: A Literature Review

“…Recently, Ref. [122] proposed a new object-based system for tracking the progression of individual fires via visible and infrared satellite image series. The designed system can update the attributes of each fire event in California during 2012-2020, delineate the fire perimeter, and identify the active fire front shortly after satellite data acquisition.…”

“…In addition, Figure 4 shows a comparison of algorithm structure between two categories. [110] 2021 GAN with deep multi-scale frame prediction method [111] 2022 GAN to predict both the track and intensity of typhoons RNN-based [112] 2017 A convolutional sequence-to-sequence autoencoder [113] 2018 MNNs for typhoon tracking [114] 2018 A CLSTM based model [115] 2021 A CLSTM layer with FCLs [116] 2022 A CLSTM with 3D CNN based on multimodal data [117] 2022 An echo state network-based tracking Fire Traditional [118] 2017 Identify possible fire hotspots from two bands of AHI [119] 2018 A threshold algorithm with visual interpretation [120] 2019 A multi-temporal method of temperature estimation [121] 2020 Temperature dynamics by data assimilation [122] 2022 Wildfire tracking via visible and infrared image series DL-based [123] 2019 3D CNN to capture spatial and spectral patterns [124] 2019 Inception-v3 model with transfer learning [125] 2021 Near-real-time fire smoking prediction [126] 2022 Combine the residual convolution and separable convolution to detect fire [127] 2022 Multiple Kernel learning for various size fire detections…”

The Portuguese Large Wildfire Spread Database (PT-FireSprd)

“…Regarding official fire data, errors in the delineation of final burned area perimeters and in the ignition location, often located outside of the fire perimeter, need to be corrected to increase the quality of the PT-FireSprd database. Regarding satellite data, implementing (semi-) automatic algorithms to delimit fire perimeters (e.g., Chen et al, 2022) will increase the availability of fire perimeters and reduce the uncertainties associated with manual perimeter delimitation. Improvements in the spatial resolution geostationary satellites, such as the recently launched Meteosat Third Generation (MTG), will certainly improve fire behaviour estimates, as already observed in HIMAWARI-8 and last generation GOES satellites.…”

Biomimetic, Mechanically Strong Supramolecular Nanosystem Enabling Solvent Resistance, Reliable Fire Protection and Ultralong Fire Warning

“…More importantly, the hundred million tons of carbon oxide released from forest combustion into atmosphere, which have seriously affected global ecological balance. 4,5 In the current highly industrialized society, many kinds of polymeric materials have been produced and widely used in various fields. It should be noted that most of the polymeric materials are flammable and easily ignited and burn fiercely.…”

“…g ., California forest fires and South Australia forest wildfires, they had destroyed large area of land and killed countless wildlife lives. More importantly, the hundred million tons of carbon oxide released from forest combustion into atmosphere, which have seriously affected global ecological balance. , …”