“…Calixarenes show a central hydrophobic cavity of controllable size, in addition to a wide upper rim and a narrow lower rim. The synthetic and structural versatility of these macrocycles make them suitable for different applications, (Böhmer, 1995 ; Gaeta et al, 2002 ; De Rosa et al, 2015 ; Neri et al, 2016 ; Talotta et al, 2017 ) including molecular recognition and sensing (Guo et al, 2011 , 2012 , 2013 ; Gaeta et al, 2012 ; Guo and Liu, 2014 ; Sun et al, 2016 ; Talotta et al, 2016 ; Yeon et al, 2016 ; Zheng et al, 2018 ), self-assembly processes (Rebek, 2000 ; Rudkevic, 2001 ; Díaz- Moscoso et al, 2016 ), synthesis of interpenetrated architectures (Gaeta et al, 2013 , 2016 ; Arduini et al, 2016 ; De Rosa et al, 2017c ; La Manna et al, 2017 ; Talotta et al, 2018 ), and catalysis (Cacciapaglia and Mandolini, 2000 ; Li et al, 2011 ; Deraedt and Astruc, 2016 ; Stoikov et al, 2016 ; Yilmaz and Sayin, 2016 ).…”