“…According to Hubbard and Levy (2006), these categories included classroom instructor, CALL specialist, expert vs adjunct, researcher, trainer, and developer as well as institutional functions. According to Torsani (2019), the third pattern in CALL teacher education integrates sociocultural frameworks that support the interpersonal communication promoted in virtual learning environments. In other words, it is thought that learning to teach happens most effectively in environments that value cooperation, introspection, analytical thinking, dialogue, and negotiation (Palloff & Pratt, 2007).…”