Callous–Unemotional Traits among Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, or Typical Development: Differences between Adolescents’ and Parents’ Views

Chang, Chia‐Hung; Liu, Tai‐Ling; Hsiao, Ray C.; Yang, Pinchen; Chen, Yi‐Lung; Yen, Cheng‐Fang

doi:10.3390/ijerph18083972

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…As mentioned before, probably the level of severity (Enea & Rusu, 2020) is the factor that may be related to difficulties and may interact with CU traits in creating a "double-hit". It has been observed that individuals with autistic traits can also display higher levels of CU traits (Chang et al, 2021;Leno et al, 2015;Rogers et al, 2006). However, this association is linked to less severe antisocial behavior.…”

Section: Unique Associations and Interaction Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Unique and Interactive Effects Between Callous-Unemotional and Autistic Traits with Parental Practices, Care, and Distress in a Community Sample

Georgiou,

Demetriou,

Fanti

2024

Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol

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Parental practices and stress are associated with both CU and autistic traits, with parents of children with these traits facing challenges that other parents do not encounter. However, the majority of available studies focused mainly on the unique effects of CU and autistic traits with parental stress and practices without exploring their interaction. The current study examines the distinct associations and interactions between CU and autistic traits with parental practices (parental involvement, poor monitoring, inconsistent discipline, and corporal punishment), care, and distress after considering the effect of conduct problems (CPs), age and sex in a Greek-Cypriot sample (N = 146, Mage = 7.30, SD = 1.43). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that children with CU traits were more likely to experience negative parenting, while parents showed heightened levels of distress. Notably, the study found no association between CU traits and positive parental practices. Further analysis indicated no significant relation between autistic traits and interactions with the target variables, signifying that these traits are not associated with difficulties in parenting and distress. No sex differences were found in all analyses. Age was negatively significant only in relation to parental distress These findings provide valuable insights into the impact of CU traits and underscore the need for additional studies investigating the impact of autistic traits, possibly within clinical samples.

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Section: Unique Associations and Interaction Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Unique and Interactive Effects Between Callous-Unemotional and Autistic Traits with Parental Practices, Care, and Distress in a Community Sample

Georgiou,

Demetriou,

Fanti

2024

Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol

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“…CU traits are a correlate of ODD, often a core feature of CD, and a key etiologic and phenotypic modi er of conduct problems (Frick et al, 2014). Second, ADHD is associated with elevated CU traits in children with ADHD and ODD not meeting criteria for CD [9,10] and in children with ADHD, elevated CU traits increases the probability of developing ASPD, independent of comorbid CD [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Adolescent Adhd and Callous-unemotional Traits is Moderated by Electrophysiological Reinforcement Sensitivity

Koppány,

Hámori,

Réthelyi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Reward processing is a hypothesized ADHD intermediate phenotype and, as such, is suggested to improve prediction of relevant outcomes, above and beyond the clinical phenotype. Although both reward and punishment processing and ADHD are associated with CU traits, gaps in knowledge remain about adolescents, electrophysiological indices, and longitudinal relations. We examined, in N = 297 adolescents, whether accounting for ODD and sex, ERPs to gain and loss moderate the prospective association between ADHD symptoms and CU traits and whether any moderational effects are driven by ADHD risk status and domain of symptoms. Findings indicated ADHD symptoms were positively associated with Uncaring traits at low (b = .255, SE = .109, p = .020; 95% CI[.040, .469]), but not at moderate (b = .136, SE = .078, p = .085; 95% CI[-.019, .291]) or high (b = .016, SE = .080, p = .842; 95% CI[-.142, .174]) levels of Target P3, with this moderational effect apparent in adolescents at-risk for ADHD, for inattention symptoms (F(6, 92) = 2.299, ΔR2 = .138, p = .010). Electrophysiological reward and punishment processing improves prediction of CU traits above and beyond the ADHD clinical phenotype; in adolescents at-risk for ADHD, low electrophysiological response links elevated inattention symptoms to greater Uncaring traits whereas moderate and higher response may be protective.

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Do autism and psychopathy co‐occur? A systematic review and clinical discussion

Murphy,

Walker,

Broyd

2024

Criminal Behav Ment Health

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BackgroundAlthough the prevalence is unknown, psychopathy can be a possible co‐occurring condition associated with autism especially among forensic populations. However, the relationship between these two conditions remains poorly understood.AimsTo carry out a systematic review of the available literature exploring the relationship between autism and psychopathy.MethodsA systematic literature review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines using terms for autism and psychopathy to search the literature databases Scopus, Pubmed, Web of Science, ASSIA, APA Psych Info, Medline and EMBASE from 1980 to March 2024. For inclusion, we required that a recognised measure of autism and psychopathy or associated features of the latter had been used.ResultsOf the 4230 potential articles identified, 37 met the selection criteria. Insufficient and inconsistent methodologies for data pooling meant that a narrative analysis was used. Although there is some overlap, four broad themes emerged relating to (1) assessment and frequency of co‐occurrence, (2) behavioural and neurophysiological expressions of empathy, (3) behavioural contagion effects, mirroring, mimicry and other linking mechanisms and (4) emotional face perception and theory of mind characteristics. Within these areas there are some specific differences between the two conditions. However, the research to date examining the relationship between autism and psychopathy has mostly been with children and males, carried out with non‐clinical non‐forensic populations, as well as using self‐report measures and parental ratings. Prior research has also largely focused on looking for differences between these conditions rather than co‐occurrence.ConclusionThis review outlines a case for considering autism and psychopathy as distinct, but potentially co‐occurring conditions and highlights the need for more research into how the two conditions interact with clinical populations. There also appears to be a need for guidelines on when and how to assess psychopathy with autistic individuals and a better understanding of the therapeutic needs and factors influencing the long‐term outcomes of autistic individuals who may also present with co‐occurring psychopathy.

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Callous–Unemotional Traits among Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, or Typical Development: Differences between Adolescents’ and Parents’ Views

Cited by 3 publications

References 59 publications

Exploring the Unique and Interactive Effects Between Callous-Unemotional and Autistic Traits with Parental Practices, Care, and Distress in a Community Sample

Exploring the Unique and Interactive Effects Between Callous-Unemotional and Autistic Traits with Parental Practices, Care, and Distress in a Community Sample

The Association Between Adolescent Adhd and Callous-unemotional Traits is Moderated by Electrophysiological Reinforcement Sensitivity

Do autism and psychopathy co‐occur? A systematic review and clinical discussion

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